Table 2 Haplotype diversity (Hd), nucleotide diversity (Pi), and neutrality test statistics of PfK13 gene among samples in north, central, and south Ghana. Both haplotype and nucleotide diversity were higher in the north (Hd = 0.8; Pi = 0.003) and central regions (Hd = 0.9; Pi = 0.004) than the southern region (Hd = 0.2; Pi = 0.0012). Negative Tajima’s D values were observed in the three regions, suggesting that the Pfk13 gene is under selection pressure. The results of Fu’s FS test statistics were negative for all regions, indicating that the presence of a higher number of rare/unique Pfk13 haplotypes than what would be expected under neutrality

From: Distribution of Plasmodium falciparum K13 gene polymorphisms across transmission settings in Ghana