Fig. 2

A Chart of the number of samples with non-synonymous mutations. In the northern region, non-synonymous mutations were identified in 15% of the samples (11 out of 72 samples) at 11 distinct codon positions. Each of these mutations was present in a single sample, accounting for 1.4% of the northern samples, except for D501N, which was observed in two samples, constituting 2.8% of the samples. In the central region, non-synonymous mutations were detected in 17% of the samples (10 out of 59 samples) at six codon positions. Mutations G449A and C580Y were each found in two samples, making up 3.4% of the samples in the central region. Mutation I543L was identified in three samples, accounting for 5% of the samples. The remaining mutations were each present in a single sample, representing 1.7% of the samples. In the southern region, non-synonymous mutations were discovered in 17% of the samples (7 out of 41 samples) at six codon positions. Mutation D501G was found in 2.4% of the samples. Furthermore, P475L was identified in two samples, constituting 5% of the samples in the south. B Structure of the kelch13 propeller domain, showing the position of mutations found in this study