Table 1 Overview of nine cases of infectious endocarditis with Trueperella pyogenes in humans
From: Trueperella pyogenes endocarditis in a Swiss farmer: a case report and review of the literature
Year of case publication, country | Sex, Age | Animal contact | Underlying medical conditions | Valve | Complications | Treatment | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1978, Thailand [25] | W, 20 | History of animal contact not obtained | Unremarkable | Mitral & aortic | • Intracerebral hemorrhage • Pulmonary edema • Finger gangrene | • Penicillin G, gentamicin • Susceptibility: Resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, gentamicin, sulfadiazine | Died |
1997, USA [26] | M, 64 | Raised pigs/cattle | Aortic stenosis | Aortic | • Stroke • Aortic regurgitation | • Cefotaxime, gentamicin, amantadine, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, ampicillin, penicillin • Susceptibility: susceptible to penicillin, cephalothin, erythromycin, clindamycin, vancomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | Died |
2007, Canada [7] | M, 57 | Animal contact denied | Diabetes mellitus, alcoholic liver cirrhosis | Mitral & aortic | • Mitral regurgitation • Lower Limb ischemic necrosis, renal failure, pulmonary edema | • Piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, penicillin G • Susceptibility: susceptible to penicillin (MIC < 0.06 mg/L), ceftriaxone, erythromycin, clindamycin, and vancomycin, resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole | Died |
2009, Spain [27] | M, 77 | Lived close to a cattle farm, but animal contact denied | Aortic stenosis, concentric left ventricular hypertrophy | Mitral | • Valve necrosis/abscess • Mitral regurgitation | • Penicillin G, clarithromycin • Susceptibility: MIC penicillin ≤ 0.0003 mg/L | Died |
2014, Thailand [28] | M, 64 | Animal contact denied | Diabetes mellitus | Mitral & aortic | • Mitral regurgitation • Aortic regurgitation • Septic emboli (brain, kidney, lung, spleen) • Ischemic spinal vasculopathy | • Ceftriaxone, ampicillin, gentamicin • Susceptibility: n.r. | Died |
2014, China [24] | M, 21 | Farmer | Unremarkable | Aortic | • Aortic regurgitation • Valve necrosis | • Penicillin, ceftriaxone, amikacin • Susceptibility: susceptible to penicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, vancomycin, resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole • Mitral valve repair, aortic valve replacement | Recovered |
2018, Malaysia [29] | F, 23 | Animal contact denied | Essential thrombocythaemia with allogenic transplantation | Mitral | • Mitral regurgitation • Septic emboli brain • TTP-like syndrome | • Ceftriaxone, gentamicin • Susceptibility: susceptible to penicillin, cephalosporin, macrolides, and tetracycline | Died |
2020, USA [3] | M, 52 | Episodes of homelessness, but without known animal contact | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, hypertension, chronic anemia, alcohol | Mitral & aortic | • Stroke • Mitral regurgitation • Valve abscess | • Piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, ampicillin, gentamicin, penicillin G, doxycyclin • Susceptibility: n.r. | Recovered |
2023, Switzerland (our case) | M, 71 | Farmer | Basal cell carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, possible coronary artery disease, possible cardiac amyloidosis | Mitral | • Mitral regurgitation • Sepsis | • Piperacillin/tazobactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, penicillin G, ceftriaxone • Susceptibility: MIC penicillin G < 0,016 mg/L | Recovered |