Fatty liver is associated with significant liver inflammation and increases the burden of advanced fibrosis in chronic HBV infection

Table 8 Liver histology based on the natural history of chronic HBV infection

Phase of chronic HBV infection	NAFLD or not	Total	Significant liver inflammation (%)	P value	Significant liver fibrosis (%)	P value	Advanced liver fibrosis (%)	P value
HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection	Non-NAFLD	140	61 (43.571)	0.011	66 (47.143)	0.434	15 (10.714)	0.044
HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection	NAFLD	32	22 (68.750)	0.011	18 (56.25)	0.434	8 (25)	0.044
HBeAg-positive CHB	Non-NAFLD	111	78 (70.270)	0.455	64 (57.658)	1.000	18 (16.216)	0.508
HBeAg-positive CHB	NAFLD	51	39 (76.471)	0.455	29 (56.863)	1.000	11 (21.569)	0.508
HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection	Non-NAFLD	241	86 (35.685)	< 0.001	150 (62.241)	1.000	44 (18.257)	0.749
HBeAg-negative chronic HBV infection	NAFLD	86	51 (59.302)	< 0.001	53 (61.628)	1.000	17 (19.767)	0.749
HBeAg-negative CHB	Non-NAFLD	88	57 (64.773)	0.325	61 (69.318)	0.397	19 (21.591)	0.848
HBeAg-negative CHB	NAFLD	69	39 (56.522)	0.325	43 (62.319)	0.397	16 (23.188)	0.848
Chronic HBV infection with no evidence of CHB	Non-NAFLD	381	147 (38.583)	< 0.001	216 (56.693)	0.524	59 (15.486)	0.160
Chronic HBV infection with no evidence of CHB	NAFLD	118	73 (61.864)	< 0.001	71 (60.169)	0.524	25 (21.186)	0.160
CHB	Non-NAFLD	199	135 (67.839)	0.625	125 (62.814)	0.636	37 (18.593)	0.471
CHB	NAFLD	120	78 (65)	0.625	72 (60)	0.636	27 (22.5)	0.471

NAFLD: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; HbeAg: hepatitis B e antigen; CHB: chronic hepatitis B

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