Table 4 Results of bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis of associated factors of MSDs among HIV/AIDS patients following ART (n = 324)

Age

< 25

25–44

> 44

12

90

65

15

67

75

1

1.68 (0.74–3.82) *

1.08 (0.47–2.48)

1

1.81 (0.55–5.97)

0.97 (0.55–1.72)

1

0.330

0.927

Sex

Male

Female

54

103

62

105

1

1.13 (0.72–1.78)

Religion

Orthodox

Muslim

Others

126

25

6

133

25

9

0. 14 (0.52–1.74)

1.42 (0.56–5.23)

1

Marital status

Single

Married

Divorce

Widow

41

103

17

17

38

87

15

6

1

1.10 (1.09–8.56) *

1.50 (1.27–8.89) *

2.62 (1.01–10.23) *

1

0.37 (0.10–1.35)

0.36 (0.11–1.17)

0.34 (0.09–1.36)

1

0.132

0.088

0.128

Education

Primary

Secondary

Tertiary

Unable to read and write

50

47

41

29

40

49

32

36

1

0.77 (0.43–1.37)

1.03 (0.55–1.91)

0.64 (0.34–1.23) *

1

0.59 (0.28–1.28)

0.74 (0.34–1.64)

0.44 (0.19–1.01)

1

0.184

0.460

0.0551

Salary in Ethiopian birr

< 1000

1000–2000

>2000

63

42

62

51

39

67

1.34 (0.81–2.21)

1.16 (0.67–2.03)

1

Physical Exercise

Yes

No

45

112

42

125

1

0.84 (0.51–1.37)

BMI

Underweight (< 18.50)

Normal (18.50-24.99)

Overweight (25 -29.9)

Obese (≥ 30)

36

111

12

8

26

101

28

2

0.35 (0.07–1.77)

0.28 (0.06–1.32)

0.11 (0.02–1.58)

1

Use Alcohol

Yes

No

6

161

7

150

0.79 (0.26–2.43)

1

Duration since confirmed

< 5year

5–9 Year

> 9 year

20

29

108

34

30

103

1

1.64 (0.96–3.29) *

1.78 (0.61–1.93)

1

0.94 (0.44–1.99)

1.03 (0.51–2.05)

1

0.880

0.940

CD4 Count at ART Initiation

< 200 cell/mm3

200–350 cell/mm3

> 350 cell/mm3

31

78

58

35

76

46

0.702(0.38–1.30)

0.814(0.49–1.34)

1

The Most Recent CD4

< 200 cell/mm3

200–350 cell/mm3

> 350 cell/mm3

2

14

151

2

4

151

1.00 (0.14–7.19)

3.50 (1.13–10.88) *

1

0.54 (0.04–6.83)

0.13 (0.03–0.85)

1

0.637

0.004**

1

Baseline WHO Clinical Stage

Stage I

Stage II

Stage III

Stage IV

96

35

28

8

77

31

43

6

1

0.91(0.51–1.59)

0.52 (0.29–0.92) *

1.07(0.36–3.21)

1

0.33 (0.01–7.65)

0.86 (0.04–18.46)

1.69 (0.43–6.71)

1

0.490

0.920

0.460

WHO Clinical Stage at ART Initiation

Stage I

Stage II

Stage III

Stage IV

97

35

27

8

81

30

40

6

1

0.99 (0.551–1.72)

0.56 (0.32–0.99) *

1.11 (0.37–3.34)

1

3.51(0.20-60.56)

0.99 (0.06–15.59)

1

0.387

0.990

Opportunistic infection

Yes

No

4

163

21

136

0.16 (0.05–0.47) *

1

10.43(2.76–42.25)

1

0.001**

1

Duration of ART use

< 10

10–20

> 20

1.62 (0.42–6.23)

1.07 (0.28–4.16)

1

ART Regimen at Initiation

D4t-3TC-NVP (1a)

D4T-3TC-EFV (1b)

AZT-3TC-NVP (1c)

AZT-3TC-EFV(1d)

TDF-3TC-EFV (1e)

TDF-3TC-NVP (1f)

15

12

48

38

28

16

22

16

65

28

29

7

1

1.1 3.35 (1.10-10.12) *

1.08 3.05 (0.95–9.74) *

1.99 3.09 (1.18–8.11) *

1.42 1.68 (0.61–4.64)

3.35 2.37 (0.84–6.62) *

1

0.188(0.05–0.73)

0.189(0.04–0.76)

0.22(0.06–0.72)

0.43(0.12–1.51)

0.43(0.12–1.52)

1

0.016**

0.019**

0.012**

0.186

0.190

ART Regimen Change

Yes

No

152

15

153

4

1

3.77 (1.22–11.63) *

1

8.14 (2.06–32.09)

1

0.003**

Current ART Regimen

First line

Second line

161

6

154

3

1

1.91 (0.47–7.78)

Prophylaxis (INH & CPT) used

Yes

No

110

57

118

49

1

1.25 (0.55–1.39)