Effect of antimicrobial de-escalation strategy on 14-day mortality among intensive care unit patients: a retrospective propensity score-matched cohort study with inverse probability-of-treatment weighting

Table 3 Univariate and multivariate logistics regression analysis of 14-day mortality

Variable	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
Variable	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Underlying diseases
Solid tumor	2.03	(1.11 ~ 3.713)	0.0215^*	2.547	(1.226 ~ 5.293)	0.0122^*
Hematologic malignancy	8.014	(2.207 ~ 29.1)	0.0016^**	13.079	(2.619 ~ 65.310)	0.0017^**
Empirical antimicrobial prescription
Monotherapy	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
2 agents	0.904	(0.5 ~ 1.635)	0.7391	0.700	(0.346 ~ 1.416)	0.5642
> 2 agents	1.401	(0.577 ~ 3.399)	0.4565	0.794	(0.252 ~ 2.503)	0.9274
Antimicrobial strategy
ADE	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
No Change	1.255	(0.447 ~ 3.523)	0.6664	0.991	(0.277 ~ 3.543)	0.9097
Other Change	2.686	(1.019 ~ 7.08)	0.0457^*	0.894	(0.265 ~ 3.019)	0.7774
Delta SOFA^e
< 0	6.796	(3.89 ~ 11.872)	< .0001^***	5.357	(2.876 ~ 9.979)	< .0001^***
Pathogen detection^f
Culture negative	Ref	-	-	Ref	-	-
MDR^g	3.041	(1.642 ~ 5.63)	0.0004^**	2.750	(1.327 ~ 5.698)	0.0005^***
Non-MDR^g	1.233	(0.582 ~ 2.613)	0.5846	1.001	(0.422 ~ 2.371)	0.8592
Colonization or contamination	0.516	(0.145 ~ 1.839)	0.3077	0.404	(0.094 ~ 1.735)	0.0913
No samples submitted or discharged	0.642	(0.206 ~ 1.998)	0.4442	1.207	(0.337 ~ 4.319)	0.7951
Mechanical ventilation	16.064	(3.881 ~ 66.485)	0.0001^***	15.328	(3.111 ~ 75.531)	0.0008^***
Central venous catheterization	2.759	(1.65 ~ 4.614)	0.0001^***	1.895	(1.047 ~ 3.430)	0.0347^*

^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; Ref., reference
^a According to the diagnostic criteria of ICD-11 and one patient may have one or more admission diagnoses
^b Including acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, solid organ transplantation, use of corticosteroids or immunosuppressants in the last 3 months before ICU admission
^c History of antibiotic use in the last 3 months before ICU admission
^d Median SOFA day0 score was 5 (interquartile range: 3–7). Median SOFA day5 score was 4 (interquartile range: 3–8)
^e Delta SOFA is SOFA score on day 0 minus SOFA score on day 5 of infection
^f Between 3 days before day0 and day5. Detection results include metagenomics next generation sequencing (mNGS)
^g Emergence of pathogen including non-multidrug-resistant (MDR), multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR). Criteria for defining MDR, XDR and PDR is based on an international expert proposal by Magiorakos et al. [21]

ISSN: 1471-2334