Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population
From: Risk factors for disease severity among children with Covid-19: a clinical prediction model
Baseline Characteristics of Patients | Total (n = 1,717) |
|---|---|
Age in years, median (IQR) | 3·2 (1·1 – 7·7) |
• < 1 year | 408 (23·8%) |
• 1–5 years | 745 (43·4%) |
• > 5 years | 564 (32·8%) |
Male sex | 884 (51·5%) |
Comorbiditiesa | |
• None | 1575 (91·7%) |
• Respiratory | 49 (2·9%) |
• Prematurity (if age < 2 years old)b | 34 (2·0%) |
• Cardiovascular | 30 (1·7%) |
• Genetic disorders | 18 (1·0%) |
• Neuromuscular | 15 (0·9%) |
• Others | 20 (1·2%) |
Symptoms on Presentationc | |
• Asymptomatic | 483 (28·1%) |
• Fever | 972 (56·6%) |
• Cough | 508 (29·6%) |
• Rhinorrhea | 442 (25·7%) |
• Vomiting | 117 (6·8%) |
• Diarrhea | 98 (5·7%) |
• Shortness of breath | 53 (3·1%) |
• Anosmia/ageusia | 47 (2·7%) |
• Sore throat | 41 (2·4%) |
• Rashes | 33 (1·9%) |
• Seizures | 33 (1·9%) |
Treatment Receivedd | |
• Intravenous fluids | 62 (3·6%) |
• Antibiotics | 66 (3·8%) |
• Steroids | 23 (1·3%) |
• Respiratory support | 62 (3·6%) |
◦ Low-flow nasal oxygen | 53 (3·1%) |
◦ High-flow nasal cannula/non-invasive ventilation | 8 (0·5%) |
◦ Mechanical ventilation | 1 (0·1%) |
Clinical Severity | |
• Asymptomatic | 483 (28·1%) |
• Mild disease | 1023 (59·6%) |
• Moderate disease | 180 (10·5%) |
• Severe disease | 31 (1·8%) |
Clinical Outcomes | |
• Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission | 31 (1·8%) |
• Length of stay in days, median (IQR) | 3 (2–6) |
• Discharged alive | 1717 (100%) |