Table 1 Basic information of the included studies
First author, publish year | Study design | Study site | Index cases | Close contacts | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No | Age (years) range/mean ± SD/ median(IQR), gender (%) | Diagnosis | No | Age (years) range/mean ± SD/ median(IQR), gender(%) | Exposure classificationa | |||
Yassin MA, 2020 [4] | Prospective | Ethiopia | 344 | 35 (26–45), male (57) | Smear +  | 1,517 | 18 (12–30), male (57) | HHC |
Araujo NCN, 2020 [13] | Retrospective | Brazil | 1,672 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 1,264 | 9 (4–12), male (54) | HHC and non-HHC |
Saunders MJ, 2019 [5] | Retrospective | Callao, Peru | 715 | 27 (20–36), male (59) | Microbiologically confirmed | 2,666 | 29 (21–42), male (46) | HHC |
Huerga H, 2019 [14] | Prospective | Yerevan, Armenia | 79 |  > 15, NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 150 |  < 15, male (47) | HHC and non-HHC |
Benjumea-Bedoya D, 2019 [15] | Prospective | Colombia | 380 | NA | Smear +  | 1,040 |  < 15, male (51) | HHC |
Becerra MC, 2019 [16] | Prospective | Lima, Peru | 2,516 |  > 16, NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 10,160 | All ages, male (45) | HHC |
Reichler MR, 2018 [17] | Prospective | USA & Canada | 718 |  > 15, NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 4,490 | NA | HHC and non-HHC |
Martinez L, 2018 [18] | Prospective | Kampala, Uganda | 857 |  > 18, NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 1,718 |  < 16, male (33) | HHC and non-HHC |
Baliashvili D, 2018 [19] | Retrospective | Gerogia, USA | 896 | 41 ± 17, male (75) | Smear +  | 3,313 | 32 ± 21 male (43) | HHC and non-HHC |
Sharma SK, 2017 [20] | Prospective | New Delhi, India | 342 | 18–65, NA | Smear +  | 1,511 | 24 ± 15, male (52) | HHC |
Puma DV, 2017 [21] | Retrospective | Catalonia, Spain | 26 | 35 ± 17, male (66) | NA | 103 | 29 ± 18, male (60) | HHC |
Munoz L, 2017 [22] | Retrospective | Barcelona, Spain | 360 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 661 | 37 (26–49), male (47) | HHC and non-HHC |
Triasih R, 2015 [23] | Prospective | Indonesia | 141 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 269 |  < 15, NA | HHC and non-HHC |
Chakhaia T, 2014 [24] | Retrospective | Tbilisi, Georgia | 396 |  ≥ 5, male (63) | Microbiologically confirmed | 869 | All ages, male (43) | HHC and non-HHC |
Singh J, 2013 [25] | Prospective | India | 432 | 34 ± 14, male (58) | Microbiologically confirmed | 1,608 | 27 ± 16, male (54) | HHC and non-HHC |
Haldar P, 2013 [26] | Prospective | UK | 505 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 1,671 |  ≥ 16, male (50) | HHC and non-HHC |
Wang JY, 2012 [27] | Prospective | China | NA | NA | NA | 600 | NA | HHC |
Song S, 2012 [28] | Retrospective | South Korea | 44 | NA | Clinical confirmed / Microbiologically confirmed | 1,826 | 18, male (51) | Non-HHC |
Denholm JT, 2012 [29] | Retrospective | Victoria, Australia | 47 | NA | NA | 570 | 28 (18–37), male (44) | Non-HHC |
Becerra MC, 2011 [30] | Retrospective | Peru | 693 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 4,503 | 25 ± 19, male (49) | HHC |
Lienhardt C, 2010 [31] | Prospective | Dakar, Senegal | 206 | 28 (18–71), male (68) | Smear +  | 2,762 | 20 (10–31), male (54) | HHC |
del Corral H, 2009 [32] | Prospective | Colombia | 366 | 36 (24–50), male (57) | Smear +  | 2,060 | 22 (10–42), male (43) | HHC |
Cailleaus M, 2009 [33] | Retrospective | Brazil | 276 | NA | Microbiologically confirmed | 1,178 |  ≥ 12, male (38) | HHC and non-HHC |
Hill PC, 2008 [34] | Prospective | Gambia | 317 | NA | Smear +  | 2,381 | NA | HHC |
Diel R, 2008 [35] | Prospective | Germany | 107 | 28 ± 12, male (49) | Smear +  | 629 | 26 ± 14, NA | Non-HHC |
Lemos AC, 2004 [36] | Prospective | Bahia, Brazil | 69 | 29 ± 12, male (70) | Smear +  | 269 | 26 ± 17, male (50) | HHC |
Bayona J, 2003 [37] | Prospective | Lima, Peru | 192 | NA, male (55) | Microbiologically confirmed | 945 | All ages, male (45) | HHC |
Devadatta S, 1970 [38] | Prospective | Madras, India | NA | NA | NA | 875 | All ages, NA | HHC and non-HHC |
Kamat SR, 1966 [39] | Prospective | Madras, India | NA | NA | NA | 435 | All ages, male (50) | HHC and non-HHC |
Ramakrishnan CV, 1961 [40] | Prospective | Madras, India | NA | NA | NA | 612 | All ages, male (50) | HHC and non-HHC |
Andrews RH, 1960 [41] | Prospective | Madras, India | 193 | NA | NA | 672 | All ages, male (50) | HHC and non-HHC |