Table 2 Characteristics of DNA vaccine studies
Author | Year | Country | Type of study | Host | Vaccine immunogen content | Vaccine dose | Route | Prescribed number | Laboratory method | Main findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nakamura, Hideo | 1987 | Japan | in vivo | Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) | env gene products of HTLV-I produced in E.coli | different (100 or 150 microg) | ID/IV | different for each group | SDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Western blot, IFA | Ab against HTLV-I gp68 and gp46, strong inhibition of syncytium formation, humoral immunity |
Grange, M. P | 1997 | France | in vivo | 6 to 8 week old male BALB/c mice | complete HTLV-I envelope | 10 microg for protein | IM (vector)/IP(protein) | [different protocls were used] Mice were immunized IP with 10 µg of gp62 Baculovirus recombinant protein in complete Freund's adjuvant followed by three boosting doses of 10 microg of recombinant protein in incomplete Freund's adjuvant at 2-week intervals. Two mice of each DNA-primed group were immunized with protein at 14 weeks post-DNA inoculation. For comparative studies, two naive mice were immunized with protein with the same protocol | ELISA, IFA, syncytium formation assay, CTLL assay | high antibody response in response to protein boosts in mice primed with DNA expressing HTLV-I envelop proteins, high neutralizing antibody titers, memory B-cell clone stimulation via single inoculation of DNA expressing HTLV-I env gene, specific cellular helper cell response in mice |
Kazanji, M | 1997 | France | in vivo and in vitro | WKY and Fischer F-344 rats | The complete human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) env gene was inserted into an expression cassette containing the adenovirus 5 major late promoter (Ad5-MLP). (Recombinant Ad5-HTLV-I-env) | Fischer F-344 rats: 107 PFU of WR-SFB5 env or control HA-WR/ WKY rats: 200 µl PBS containing 109 PFU of Ad5-HTLV-I-env (or Ad5-HTLV-I-gp46 for boosting) or 100 µg of the naked DNA expression vector pMLP-HTLV-I-env. Booster injections with baculovirus-derived recombinant gp46 (1 µg) were delivered subcutaneously together with 50 µg of saponin as adjuvant | IM/intradermally | different for host groups | IFA, western blot, PCR, SIA, CTL assay | WKY rats: No detectable Ab against HTLV-I, recovery of HTLV-I-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes in all immunized groups but not from controls, Fischer F-344 rats: Ab against the HTLV-I env gp21 and gp46 (non-neutralizing), partial protection in both immunization regimens after challenge with human HTLV-I-producing cells (MT-2) |
Ohashi, T | 2000 | Japan | NA | Female F344/N Jcl-rnu/rnu (nu/nu) rats and F344/N Jcl-rnu/1 (nu/1) rats | Tax-coding DNA | 10 μg | The Helios Gene Gun system | twice, with a 1-week interval | Cr-release cytotoxicity assay, SDS-PAGE, | Tax-specific CTL induction, CTLs ability to lyse HTLV-1 infected syngeneic T cells in vitro, in vivo growth inhibition of HTLV-1-transformed tumor, efficient anti-tumor immunity induction |
Armand, M. A | 2000 | France | in vivo | female BALB/c mice | two types of plasmids for DNA: 1) coding DNA of the complete env gene of HTLV-I under the control of the CMV promoter with (CMVenvLTR) or without (CMVenv) the tax/rex genes, 2) coding DNA of the complete env gene of HTLV-I under the control of the human desmin muscle specific promoter (DesEnv) | 100 microg | IM | 3 immunizations were performed with 2Â weeks intervals | PCR, Flow-cytometry, ELISA and neutralization assays | detectable and neutralizing humoral response, higher humoral response with better neutralization properties in response to the DesEnv construct compared to CMVenvLTR or CMVenv plasmids |