Table 1 Descriptions of study population and bivariate association between recent HIV testing and potentially important variables: 2019–2020 Demographic and Health Survey data—Gambia
Variables | Overall sample n a (%b) | Did not receive HIV test in the last 12 months n a (%b) | Received HIV test in the last 12 months n a (%b) | P-valuea§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample size(n) | 3308 | 2858 | 450 | |
Aware of HIV self-testing kit | ||||
No | 2936(88.9) | 2563(90.2) | 373(81.5) | |
Yes | 372(11.1) | 295(9.8) | 77(18.5) | < 0.001 |
Age groups | ||||
15 – 29 | 1182(37.7) | 1073(40.2) | 109(24.0) | < 0.001 |
30 – 39 | 974(29.7) | 821(29.0) | 153(33.5) | |
40 + | 1152(32.6) | 964(30.8) | 188(42.5) | |
Residence | < 0.001 | |||
Rural | 1340(22.4) | 1194(23.8) | 146(15.0) | |
Urban | 1968(77.6) | 1664(76.2) | 304(85.0) | |
Marital Status | < 0.001 | |||
Single | 1085(37.3) | 986(40.0) | 99(22.4) | |
Married | 2153(60.6) | 1814(58.1) | 339(74.6) | |
Previously married | 70(2.1) | 58(2.0) | 12(3.1) | |
Education | 0.075 | |||
No education/Primary | 1686(41.9) | 1497(42.0) | 189(36.0) | |
Secondary/Higher | 1622(58.9) | 1361(58.0) | 261(64.0) | |
Employment status | 0.001 | |||
Skilled | 682(23.9) | 546(22.2) | 136(33.0) | |
Unskilled | 2416(67.2) | 2129(68.9) | 287(57.8) | |
Other or not working | 210(8.9) | 183(8.9) | 27(9.2) | |
Wealth group | 0.032 | |||
Poor | 1521(32.3) | 1352(33.7) | 169(24.7) | |
Middle | 666(20.8) | 574(20.5) | 92(22.5) | |
Rich | 1121(46.9) | 932(45.8) | 189(52.8) | |
Age at first sex mean (SD) | 20.5(5.1) | 20.4(5.1) | 21.0(4.8) | 0.055 |
Number of sexual partners in the last 12 months | ||||
No or one partner | 2733(83.5) | 2387(84.8) | 346(76.3) | < 0.001 |
More than two partners | 575(16.5) | 471(15.2) | 104(23.7) | |
Bought or sold sex in the last 12 months | ||||
No | 3232(97.5) | 2791(97.5) | 441(97.9) | 0.652 |
Yes | 76(2.5) | 67(2.5) | 9(2.1) | |
Had STI symptoms in the last 12 months | ||||
No | 3152(96.2) | 2720(96.2) | 432(96.3) | 0.911 |
Yes | 156(3.8) | 138(3.8) | 18(3.7) | |
Had comprehensive correct HIV knowledge | ||||
No | 2287(66.1) | 2025(68.5) | 262(52.7) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 1021(33.9) | 833(31.5) | 188(47.3) | |
Exposure to family planning information in the last few months | ||||
No | 2217(67.3) | 1945(68.8) | 272(59.2) | 0.001 |
Yes | 1091(32.7) | 913(31.2) | 178(40.8) | |
Internet access | 0.036 | |||
Almost everyday | 1616(53.5) | 1349(52.1) | 267(61.1) | |
Once a week | 530(16.3) | 473(16.6) | 57(15.1) | |
Irregular or no access | 1162(30.2) | 1036(31.3) | 126(23.9) | |
Frequency of reading newspaper | ||||
At least once a week | 330(12.8) | 252(11.5) | 78(20.0) | < 0.001 |
Less than once a week | 474(16.7) | 394(16.7) | 80(17.0) | |
Not at all | 2504(70.5) | 2212(71.9) | 292(63.0) | |
Frequency of listening to radio | ||||
At least once a week | 2320(71.1) | 1987(69.8) | 333(78.3) | 0.006 |
Less than once a week | 661(20.0) | 588(21.3) | 73(12.9) | |
Not at all | 327(8.9) | 283(8.9) | 44(8.8) | |
Frequency of watching television | ||||
At least once a week | 2047(67.9) | 1741(66.8) | 306(73.4) | 0.125 |
Less than once a week | 753(21.3) | 677(22.0) | 76(17.4) | |
Not at all | 508(10.9) | 440(11.2) | 68(9.2) | |
Hesitance to take HIV test due to HIV related stigma | ||||
No or not sure | 672(24.1) | 598(24.6) | 74(21.7) | 0.496 |
Yes | 2636(75.9) | 2260(75.4) | 376(78.3) | |