Table 3 Factors associated with 30-day mortality by univariate analysis in adult patients with candidaemia

Demographics

 Age (SD) years

58.5(17.1 )

65.1(16.1)

0.033

58.4 (15)

68(13.2)

0.148

58.5 (16.8 )

65 0.5( 15.6)

0.012

 Gender (male:female)

93:51

22:16

0.447

14:16

2:4

0.549

107:67

24:20

0.400

 Length of hospital stay(days)(SD)

40.3(53.3)

12.2(11.1)

0.002

64.8(80.4)

25.7(7.7)

0.247

44.6(59.3)

14.1(11.6)

0.001

Underlying comorbidities (n, %)

 Gastrointestinal perforation

33(22.9)

11(28.9)

0.440

8(26.7)

2(33.3)

0.739

41(23.6)

13(29.5)

0.412

 Respiratory dysfunction^a

55(38.2)

31(81.6)

< 0.001

11(36.7)

3(50.0)

0.541

66(37.9)

34(77.3)

< 0.001

 Pulmonary infection

86(59.7)

27(71.1)

0.200

21(70.0)

4(66.7)

0.871

107(61.5)

31(70.5)

0.271

 Cardiovascular disease

63(43.8)

34(89.5)

< 0.001

19(63.3)

2(33.3)

0.174

82(47.1)

36(81.8)

< 0.001

 Neurological diseases

42(29.2)

15(39.5)

0.223

12(40.0)

5(83.3)

0.052

54(31.0)

20(45.5)

0.071

 Gastrointestinal diseases^b

72(50.0)

18(47.4)

1.000

15(50.0)

2(33.3)

0.455

87(50.0)

20(45.5)

0.788

 Chronic/acute liver disease

59(41.0)

14(36.8)

0.644

10(33.3)

2(33.3)

1.000

69(39.7)

16(36.4)

0.689

 Chronic/acute renal failure^c

77(53.5)

28(73.7)

0.025

12(40.0)

1(16.7)

0.277

89(51.1)

29(65.9)

0.079

 Solid tumour

25(17.4)

3(7.9)

0.150

5(16.7)

0(0)

0.281

30(17.2)

3(6.8)

0.085

 Haematological malignancy

13(9.0)

4(10.5)

0.791

1(3.3)

1(16.7)

0.193

14(8.0)

5(11.4)

0.509

 Hypertension

22(15.3)

3(7.9)

0.240

11(36.7)

3(50.0)

0.541

27(15.5)

6(13.6)

0.410

 Diabetes mellitus

44(30.6)

15(39.5)

0.296

5(16.7)

2(33.3)

0.346

49(28.2)

17(38.6)

0.177

 Hematologic (nonmalignant)

39(27.1)

13(34.2)

0.387

11(36.7)

3(50.0)

0.541

50(28.7)

16(36.4)

0.325

 HIV/AIDS

5(3.5)

1(2.6)

0.796

0(0)

0(0)

-

5(2.9)

1(2.3)

0.828

 Severe trauma

19(13.2)

2(5.3)

0.173

4(13.3)

2(33.3)

0.230

23(13.2)

4(9.1)

0.458

Risk factors (n, %)

 Presence of CVC^d

64(44.4)

18(47.4)

0.747

18(60.0)

5(83.3)

0.277

82(47.1)

23(52.3)

0.542

 Other invasive catheters

49(34.0)

5(13.2)

0.012

12(40.0)

2(33.3)

0.760

61(35.1)

7(15.9)

0.014

 Mechanical ventilation

56(38.9)

25(65.8)

0.003

14(46.7)

5(83.3)

0.101

70(40.2)

30(68.2)

0.001

 Receipt of corticosteroids^e

9(6.3)

2(5.3)

0.820

1(3.3)

1(16.7)

0.193

10(5.7)

3(6.8)

0.789

 Total parenteral nutrition

31(21.5)

19(50.0)

< 0.001

11(36.7)

2(33.3)

0.877

42(24.1)

21(47.7)

0.002

 Malnutrition

73(50.7)

14(36.8)

0.128

17(56.7)

4(66.7)

0.650

90(51.7)

18(40.9)

0.200

 Chemotherapy

24(16.7)

4(10.5)

0.351

4(13.3)

1(16.7)

0.829

28(16.1)

5(11.4)

0.434

 Hemodialysis

25(17.4)

11(28.9)

0.111

8(26.7)

1(16.7)

0.606

33(19.0)

12(27.3)

0.224

 Abdominal surgery^f

37(25.7)

5(13.2)

0.103

7(23.3)

3(50.0)

0.183

44(25.3)

8(18.2)

0.323

 ICU^g

49(34.0)

18(47.4)

0.129

19(63.3)

5(83.3)

0.343

68(39.1)

23(52.3)

0.113

 Neutropenia^h

25(17.4)

4(10.5)

0.306

4(13.3)

1(16.7)

0.829

29(16.7)

5(11.4)

0.386

 Electrolyte abnormalities

48(33.3)

8(21.1)

0.145

8(26.7)

1(16.7)

0.606

56(32.2)

9(20.5)

0.129

 Concomitant bacterial infections

40(27.8)

21(55.3)

0.001

15(50.0)

2(33.3)

0.455

55(31.6)

23(52.3)

0.011

 Septic shock

32(22.2)

24(63.2)

< 0.001

6(20.0)

3(50.0)

0.121

38(21.8)

27(61.4)

< 0.001

 Hemorrhagic shock

7(4.9)

0(0)

0.166

0(0)

0(0)

-

7(4.0)

0(0)

0.176

Therapy(n, %)

 Broad-spectrum antibiotics

80(55.6)

30(78.9)

0.009

25(83.3)

4(66.7)

0.346

105(60.3)

34(77.3)

0.037

 Prophylaxis antifungal therapy

37(25.7)

11(28.9)

0.686

11(36.7)

2(33.3)

0.877

48(27.6)

13(29.5)

0.796

 Amphotericin B

14(9.7)

2(5.3)

0.388

1(3.3)

0(0)

0.650

15(8.6)

2(4.5)

0.368

 Capofungin

19(13.2)

5(13.2)

0.995

3(10.0)

0(0)

0.418

22(12.6)

5(11.4)

0.818

 Fluconazole

42(29.2)

4(10.5)

0.019

13(43.3)

2(33.3)

0.650

55(31.6)

6(13.6)

0.018

 Voriconazole

40(27.8)

16(42.1)

0.089

9(30.0)

3(50.0)

0.343

49(28.2)

19(43.2)

0.055

 Capofungin + Fluconazole^#

14(9.7)

2(5.3)

0.388

0(0)

1(16.7)

0.023

14(8.0)

3(6.8)

0.786

 Capofungin + Amphotericin B^#

1(0.7)

5(13.2)

< 0.001

0(0)

0(0)

-

1(0.6)

5(11.4)

< 0.001

 Capofungin + Voriconazole

2(1.4)

0(0)

0.465

3(10.0)

0(0)

0.418

5(2.9)

0(0)

0.255

 Fluconazole + Voriconazole

9(6.3)

2(5.3)

0.820

1(3.3)

0(0)

0.65

10(5.7)

2(4.5)

0.755

 Fluconazole + Amphotericin B

3(2.1)

2(5.3)

0.286

0(0)

0(0)

-

3(1.7)

2(4.5)

0.264

Candidaspecies(n, %)

 C. albicans

64(44.4)

17(44.7)

0.974

3(10.0)

2(33.3)

0.131

67(38.5)

19(43.2)

0.571

 non-C. albicans

80(55.6)

21(55.3)

1.000

27(90.0)

4(66.7)

0.389

107(61.5)

25(56.8)

0.691

  C. glabrata

29(20.1)

9(23.7)

0.632

6(20.0)

0(0)

0.230

35(20.1)

9(20.5)

0.960

  C. Tropicalis

26(18.1)

9(23.7)

0.434

4(13.3)

3(50.0)

0.038

30(17.2)

12(27.3)

0.132

  C. Parapsilosis

17(11.8)

3(7.9)

0.493

13(43.3)

1(16.7)

0.221

30(17.2)

4(9.1)

0.183

  C.kruseii

2(1.4)

0(0)

0.465

3(10.0)

0(0)

0.418

5(2.9)

0(0)

0.255

 Other Candida species

6(4.2)

0(0)

0.201

1(3.3)

0(0)

0.650

7(4.0)

0(0)

0.176

Wards(n, %)

 Medical wards

57(39.6)

21(55.3)

0.082

10(33.3)

1(16.7)

0.418

67(38.5)

22(50.0)

0.166

 Surgical wards

45(31.3)

5(13.2)

0.026

11(36.7)

2(33.3)

0.877

56(32.2)

7(15.9)

0.033

 ICU

42(29.2)

12(31.6)

0.772

9(30.0)

3(50.0)

0.343

51(29.3)

15(34.1)

0.537