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Table 3 Univariable analysis and multivariable analysis of associated factors for influenza vaccine uptake in the self-paid group in Guangdong Province, China, 2020–2021 (N = 150)

From: Influenza vaccine uptake among children and older adults in China: a secondary analysis of a quasi-experimental study

Explanatory variables

Crude OR

(95% CI)

P-value*

Adjusted OR

(95% CI) †

P value‡

Sociodemographic factors

    

Participant type§

    

 Children’s caregiver

Ref.

< 0.001

Ref.

0.001

 Older people

0.22 (0.11, 0.45)

0.19 (0.07, 0.52)

Age

0.95 (0.94, 0.97)

< 0.001

-

-

Sex§

    

 Male

Ref.

0.824

Ref.

0.751

 Female

0.19 (0.50, 2.37)

1.17 (0.43, 3.22)

Completed highest education level

    

 Primary school

Ref.

0.031

-

-

 Middle school

3.72 (1.46, 9.46)

-

 Undergraduate or above

4.04 (1.40, 11.73)

-

Occupation§

    

 Unemployed/retired

Ref.

0.021

-

-

 Farmer

0.83 (0.27, 2.56)

-

 Employed

2.56 (1.24, 5.30)

-

Marital status

    

 Single

Ref.

0.005

-

-

 Married or living with a partner

4.92 (1.39, 17.35)

-

Belief factors

    

Importance of influenza vaccine

    

 Disagree

Ref.

0.796

-

-

 Agree

0.89 (0.38, 2.08)

-

Safety of influenza vaccine

    

 Disagree

Ref.

0.040

-

-

 Agree

2.25 (1.04, 4.86)

-

Effectiveness of influenza § vaccine

    

 Disagree

Ref.

< 0.0001

Ref.

0.242

 Agree

4.30 (1.92, 9.62)

1.86 (0.66, 5.21)

Trust the advice from medical personnel on influenza vaccine

    

 No

Ref.

< 0.0001

-

-

 Yes

18.25(2.39,139.18)

-

View the price of vaccines as barriers§

    

 No

Ref.

0.057

Ref.

0.429

 Yes

0.43 (0.18, 1.03)

0.63 (0.18, 1.99)

Enabling factors

    

Annul income (USD)

    

 < 1860

Ref.

0.045

-

-

 1860 ~ 9300

0.90 (0.40, 2.05)

-

 9300 ~ 1,8600

1.73 (0.68, 4.44)

-

 ≥ 1,8600

4.33 (1.29, 14.53)

-

Community contexts

    

 Yangshan (rural)

Ref.

0.067

 

­

 Zengcheng (suburban)

0.55 (0.28, 1.10)

-

 Tianhe (urban)

0.46 (0.23, 0.89)

-

Need factors

    

Experienced influenza-like illnesses among family members in the past year

    

 No

Ref.

0.282

-

-

 Yes

1.83 (0.61, 5.53)

-

Adverse reactions to influenza vaccination of family members

    

 No

Ref.

0.534

-

-

 Yes

1.16 (0.31, 4.32)

-

Behavior factors

    

Influenza vaccine history of children in the family§

    

 No

Ref.

0.004

Ref.

0.037

 Yes

2.97 (1.40, 2.67)

2.61 (1.06, 6.42)

Influenza vaccine history of older adults in the family§

    

 No

Ref.

0.045

Ref.

0.039

 Yes

3.27 (1.03, 10.36)

4.76(1.08, 20.90)

External environment factors

    

Heard about negative information about influenza vaccine

    

 No

Ref.

0.287

-

-

 Yes

1.48 (0.72, 3.03)

-

Have friends/relatives object to the influenza vaccination

    

 No

Ref.

0.534

-

-

 Yes

0.85 (0.24, 2.97)

-

  1. * P value for univariate regression analysis
  2. † Adjusted odds ratio: odds ratio adjusted for other covariates including participant type, sex, perceived vaccination effectiveness, trust in advice from healthcare personnel, perception of vaccination price and vaccination history of children and older people in the family in the multivariable logistic model
  3. ‡ P value for multivariable regression analysis
  4. § Variables entered multivariable logistic model
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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