Cost components | Outpatient | Inpatient at RD | ICU**** | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All (N = 210) | RSV positive (n = 21) | RSV negative (n = 189) | p-value*** | All (N = 318) | RSV positive (n = 84) | RSV negative (n = 234) | p-value*** | All RSV negatives (n = 8) | |
Total out-of-pocket costs | 51 (32–85) | 52 (32–85) | 51 (32–84) | 0.71 | 112 (58–184) | 117 (65–183) | 110 (57–186) | 0.45 | 543 (370–996) |
(1) Direct medical costs | 22 (13–32) | 26 (16–32) | 21 (12–32) | 0.33 | 24 (13–49) | 38 (20–61) | 20 (12–37) |  < 0.001 | 386 (161–813) |
 Consultation fee | 3 (2–4) | 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | 0.20 | 3 (2–6) | 3 (2–6) | 3 (2–5) | 0.66 | 4 (2–6) |
 Medication costs | 15 (9–20) | 15 (8–18) | 15 (9–20) | 0.49 | 3 (0–9) | 6 (1–13) | 2 (0–6) |  < 0.001 | 33 (13–62) |
 Laboratory costs | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–0) | 0.81 | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–3) | 0 (0–2) | 0.52 | 7 (0–45) |
 Procedure & service cost | 6 (3–11) | 8 (4–13) | 4 (3–11) | 0.12 | 2 (0–16) | 12 (6–23) | 0 (0–13) |  < 0.001 | 86 (30–311) |
 Imaging costs | 3 (3–5) | 3 (3–3) | 3 (3–5) | 0.87 | 0 (0–3) | 2 (1–5) | 0 (0–2) |  < 0.001 | 0 (0–4) |
 Miscellaneous costs* | 8 (1–13) | 0 (0–0) | 8 (1–13) | – | 9 (3–18) | 10 (4–18) | 9 (2–18) | 0.42 | 105 (79–158) |
(2) Direct non-medical costs | 5 (2–28) | 4 (2–22) | 5 (2–28) | 0.82 | 35 (3–87) | 27 (3–72) | 38 (3–88) | 0.57 | 76 (42–112) |
 Transport costs | 4 (2–27) | 4 (2–22) | 4 (2–27) | 0.91 | 6 (2–28) | 8 (2–41) | 5 (1–24) | 0.12 | 33 (3–78) |
 Meal costs | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0.18 | 32 (0–63) | 2 (0–39) | 41 (0–70) |  < 0.001 | 5 (2–52) |
 Accommodation costs | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | N/A | 0 (0–30) | 0 (0–0) | 16 (0–32) |  < 0.001 | 10 (0–233) |
 Caretaker costs | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | N/A | 6 (0–38) | 47 (34–60) | 0 (0–13) | 0.08 | 0 (0–0) |
(3) Indirect costs | 11 (2–26) | 22 (9–34) | 9 (0–25) | 0.09 | 19 (0–69) | 18 (0–69) | 20 (0–69) | 0.93 | 85 (6–253) |
 Lost income** | 9 (0–25) | 17 (9–34) | 8 (0–22) | 0.03 | 17 (0–69) | 12 (0–68) | 17 (0–69) | 0.85 | 13 (4–194) |
 Lost leisure** | 6 (2–6) | 3 (0–6) | 6 (2–6) | 0.18 | 2 (1–6) | 6 (2–9) | 2 (1–5) | 0.05 | 3 (2–5) |
Family response | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Reducing other expenses | 34.3% | 9.5% | 37.0% | 0.01 | 59.0% | 42.9% | 64.8% | < 0.001 | 25.0% |
 Use personal savings | 87.1% | 100.0% | 85.7% | 0.06 | 86.8% | 94.1% | 84.1% | 0.02 | 100.0% |
 Borrowed | 2.4% | 0.0% | 2.7% | 0.45 | 26.5% | 6.0% | 33.9% | < 0.001 | 12.5% |
 Selling assets | 2.4% | 4.8% | 2.1% | 0.45 | 5.7% | 2.4% | 6.9% | 0.13 | 0.0% |
 Donations | 2.9% | 0.0% | 3.2% | 0.41 | 16.4% | 3.6% | 21.0% | < 0.001 | 0.0% |
 Other | 0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | N/A | 0.3% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.55 | 0.0% |