A booster hepatitis B vaccine for children with maternal HBsAg positivity before 2 years of age could effectively prevent vaccine breakthrough infections

Table 4 The incidences of VBIs in different groups by maternal risk factors

Maternal factors	Overall	HBeAg status		P	HBV DNA (log₁₀ IU/mL)		P	HBsAg (log₁₀ IU/mL)		P
Maternal factors	Overall	Positivity	Negativity	P	< 5.3	≥ 5.3	P	< 4	≥ 4	P
Overall
Number	454	150	304		320	134		318	136
VBIs, n (%)	31 (6.83)	21 (14.00)	10 (3.29)	< 0.001	12 (3.75)	19 (14.18)	< 0.001	15 (4.72)	16 (11.76)	0.006
Overt or occult HBV infection, n (%)	14 (3.08)	7 (4.67)	7 (2.30)	0.246	7 (2.19)	7 (5.22)	0.159	6 (1.89)	8 (5.88)	0.050
Nonbooster group
Number	252	95	157		168	84		172	80
VBIs, n (%)	30 (11.90)	20 (21.05)	10 (6.37)	< 0.001	12 (7.14)	18 (21.43)	0.001	15 (8.72)	15 (18.75)	0.022
Overt or occult HBV infection, n (%)	14 (5.56)	7 (7.37)	7 (4.46)	0.328	7 (4.17)	7 (8.33)	0.285	6 (3.49)	8 (10)	0.071
Booster group
Number	202	55	147		152	50		146	56
VBIs, n (%)	1 (0.50)	1 (1.82)	0	0.272	0	1 (2.00)	0.248	0	1 (1.79)	0.277
Overt or occult HBV infection, n (%)	0	0	0	-	0	0	-	0	0	-

ISSN: 1471-2334