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Table 1 Summary of COVID-19 cases and estimates by epidemic wave

From: Comparative epidemiology of five waves of COVID-19 in Mexico, March 2020–August 2022

Variable

1st wave (Summer 2020)

2nd wave (Winter 2020)

3rd wave (Summer 2021)

4th wave (Winter 2021)

5th wave (Summer 2022)

All waves

Number of cases

 Suspected cases (A)

839,120

1,789,867

2,220,692

2,271,708

1,662,178

8,783,565

 Suspected cases with laboratory test (B)

475,238

1,364,011

2,118,935

1,988,949

1,555,062

7,502,195

 Confirmed cases (C)

264,792

549,962

762,884

1,047,624

771,113

3,396,375

 Hospitalized cases (D)

105,681

143,977

75,836

34,648

13,504

373,646

 Intubated cases (E)

27,437

29,899

15,078

3,804

711

76,929

 In-hospital deaths (F)

47,835

73,160

33,088

12,021

2395

168,499

Estimations

 Testing percentage among suspected cases [B/Ax100] % (95% CI)*

56.6 (56.5, 56.7)

76.2 (76.1, 76.3)

95.4 (95.4, 95.4)

87.6 (87.5, 87.6)

93.6 (93.5, 93.6)

85.4 (85.4, 85.4)

 Positivity percentage among tested cases [C/Bx100] % (95% CI)*

55.7 (55.6, 55.9)

40.3 (40.2, 40.4)

36 (35.9, 36.1)

52.7 (52.6, 52.7)

49.6 (49.5, 49.7)

45.3 (45.2, 45.3)

 Hospitalization among confirmed cases [D/Cx100] % (95% CI)*

39.9 (39.7, 40.1)

26.2 (26.1, 26.3)

9.9 (9.9, 10)

3.3 (3.3, 3.3)

1.8 (1.7, 1.8)

11.0 (10.9, 11.1)

 Intubation among hospitalized [E/Dx100] % (95% CI)*

26.0 (25.7, 26.2)

20.8 (20.6, 21)

19.9 (19.6, 20.2)

11 (10.7, 11.3)

5.3 (4.9, 5.7)

20.6 (20.5, 20.7)

 Hospital case fatality rate [F/Dx100] % (95% CI)*

45.3 (45.0, 45.6)

50.8 (50.6, 51.1)

43.6 (43.3, 44)

34.7 (34.2, 35.2)

17.7 (17.1, 18.4)

45.1 (44.9, 45.3)

 Mean days of hospital admission delay (95% CI)**

4.55 (4.52, 4.57)

5.75 (5.73, 5.77)

5.79 (5.76, 5.82)

3.48 (3.44, 3.52)

2.02 (1.98, 2.06)

5.07 (5.06,5.09)

 Mean in-hospital days (95% CI)**

9.59 (9.54, 9.63)

9.33 (9.29, 9.37)

9.09 (9.04, 9.15)

7.83 (7.75, 7.9)

6.41 (6.31, 6.51)

9.11 (9.09, 9.13)

  1. Epidemic waves correspond to the following onset of symptoms periods: the first wave from week 2020-14 to week 2020-40 (from March 29th, 2020 to October 3rd, 2020); the second wave from week 2020-41 until week 2021-21 (from October 4th, 2020 to May 29th, 2021); the third wave from week 2021-22 to week 2021-50 (from May 30th, 2021 until December 18th, 2021); the fourth wave from week 2021-51 to 2022-17 (from December 19th, 2021 to April 30th, 2022); and fifth wave from week 2022-18 to week 2022-34 (from May 1st, 2022 until August 27th, 2022)
  2. Estimations with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) are shown. *p < 0.001 by Chi-square trend test. **p < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA. Statistically significant results are shown in bold text