Table 1 Characteristics for patient groups receiving different steroid treatment-days during their hospital admission
From: Real-world effectiveness of steroids in severe COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study
Steroids | Overall | ≤ 3 days | > 3 days | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n | 1100 | 513 (46.6%) | 587 (53.4%) | |
Age, median [Q1,Q3] | 63.0 [53.0,77.0] | 62.0 [51.0,79.0] | 64.0 [53.0,75.0] | 0.552 |
Male, n (%) | 624 (56.7) | 290 (56.5) | 334 (56.9) | 0.950 |
Ethnicity, n (%) | 0.035 | |||
White | 436 (39.6) | 183 (35.7) | 253 (43.1) | |
BAME | 453 (41.2) | 229 (44.6) | 224 (38.2) | |
Unknown | 211 (19.2) | 101 (19.7) | 110 (18.7) | |
BMI, n (%) | 0.003 | |||
BMI ≤ 30 | 524 (47.6) | 246 (48.0) | 278 (47.4) | |
BMI > 30 | 376 (34.2) | 155 (30.2) | 221 (37.6) | |
BMI Unknown | 200 (18.2) | 112 (21.8) | 88 (15.0) | |
Cardiovascular, n (%) | 286 (26.0) | 132 (25.7) | 154 (26.2) | 0.903 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 397 (36.1) | 166 (32.4) | 231 (39.4) | 0.019 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 316 (28.7) | 142 (27.7) | 174 (29.6) | 0.515 |
Chronic respiratory disease, n (%) | 190 (17.3) | 80 (15.6) | 110 (18.7) | 0.195 |
Cancer, n (%) | 57 (5.2) | 22 (4.3) | 35 (6.0) | 0.266 |
Kidney disease, n (%) | 135 (12.3) | 62 (12.1) | 73 (12.4) | 0.933 |
HIV, n (%) | 30 (2.7) | 13 (2.5) | 17 (2.9) | 0.855 |
Transplant, n (%) | 26 (2.4) | 5 (1.0) | 21 (3.6) | 0.008 |
IMD Quintile, n (%) | 0.566 | |||
1 | 264 (24.5) | 116 (23.0) | 148 (25.9) | |
2 | 553 (51.3) | 256 (50.7) | 297 (51.9) | |
3 | 159 (14.8) | 81 (16.0) | 78 (13.6) | |
4 | 69 (6.4) | 36 (7.1) | 33 (5.8) | |
5 | 32 (3.0) | 16 (3.2) | 16 (2.8) | |
Tocilizumab or sarilumab, n (%) | 12 (1.1) | 12 (2.0) | 0.003 | |
Variant (%) | < 0.001 | |||
Alpha | 211 (19.2) | 53 (10.3) | 158 (26.9) | |
non-Alpha | 383 (34.8) | 306 (59.6) | 77 (13.1) | |
Non Sequenced | 506 (46.0) | 154 (30.0) | 352 (60.0) | |
Death, n (%) | 165 (15.0) | 88 (17.2) | 77 (13.1) | 0.074 |