Variables | Total tested | Cross-border migrant Vietnamese FSWs | Chinese local FSWs | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tested | COR (95% CI) | p | AOR (95% CI) | p | Tested | COR (95% CI) | p | AOR (95% CI) | p | ||
Having adequate HIV-/AIDS-related knowledge | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2681 (96.40) | 269 (47.36) | 2.16 (1.25–3.73) | 0.01 | 0.85 (0.41–1.80) | 0.68 | 2412 (54.71) | 1.15 (0.83–1.58) | 0.40 | – | – |
 No | 100 (3.60) | 20 (29.41) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 80 (51.28) | 1 |  | – | – |
Working venue type | |||||||||||
 High-/Mid-tier | 1425 (51.24) | 138 (66.99) | 3.75 (2.64–5.32) |  < 0.001 | 5.11 (2.83–9.21) |  < 0.001 | 1287 (50.47) | 0.68 (0.61–0.77) |  < 0.001 | 1.0 (0.84–1.20) | 0.96 |
 Low-tier | 1356 (48.76) | 151 (35.12) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1205 (50.80) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Age of sexual debut | |||||||||||
 < 18 years | 442 (15.89) | 94 (51.37) | 1.40 (0.99–1.97) | 0.06 | 0.69 (0.43–1.09) | 0.11 | 348 (52.97) | 0.93 (0.79–1.10) | 0.37 | – | – |
 ≥ 18 years | 2339 (84.11) | 195 (43.05) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2144 (54.86) | 1 |  | – | – |
Age of commercial sexual debut | |||||||||||
 ≥ 18 years | 2750 (98.89) | 277 (45.19) | 1 |  | – | – | 2473 (55.07) | 1 |  | – | – |
 < 18 years | 31 (1.11) | 12 (52.17) | 1.32 (0.58–3.05) | 0.51 | – | – | 19 (25.68) | 0.28 (0.17–0.48) |  < 0.001 | – | – |
Months of staying in the current residence | |||||||||||
 ≥ 12 months | 1626 (58.47) | 95 (42.60) | 0.66 (0.47–0.93) | 0.02 | 1.1 (0.68–1.83) | 0.68 | 1531 (65.60) | 2.06 (1.80–3.67) |  < 0.001 | 1.28 (1.08–1.52) | 0.04 |
 6–11 months | 322 (11.58) | 16 (20.78) | 0.23 (0.13–0.42) |  < 0.001 | 0.56 (0.27–1.18) | 0.13 | 306 (35.33) | 0.59 (0.50–0.71) |  < 0.001 | 0.58 (0.47–0.71) |  < 0.001 |
 < 6 months | 830 (29.85) | 178 (52.98) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 652 (48.01) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Years of FSW experience | |||||||||||
 ≥ 4 years | 1450 (52.14) | 79 (43.65) | 0.90 (0.64–1.28) | 0.57 | – | – | 1371 (57.92) | 1.32 (1.18–1.49) |  < 0.001 | 1.61 (1.38–1.88) |  < 0.001 |
 < 4 years | 1331 (47.86) | 210 (46.15) | 1 |  | – | – | 1121 (51.00) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Consistent condom used in last commercial sex | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2742 (98.60) | 280 (45.45) | 1.02 (0.42–2.49) | 0.97 | – | – | 2462 (55.09) | 1.61 (0.99–2.62) | 0.06 | 1.55 (0.83–2.87) | 0.17 |
 No | 38 (1.40) | 9 (45.00) | 1 |  | – | – | 29 (43.28) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Consistent condom used in the previous month | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2540 (91.33) | 236 (43.30) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2304 (54.21) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 No | 241 (8.67) | 53 (58.24) | 1.83 (1.17–2.86) | 0.01 | 1.94 (1.07–3.53) | 0.03 | 188 (59.68) | 1.25 (0.10–1.58) | 0.06 | 1.56 (1.15–2.11) | 0.004 |
History of self-reported STIs | |||||||||||
 Yes | 154 (5.54) | 14 (73.68) | 3.48 (1.24–9.79) | 0.02 | 4.25 (1.31–13.76) | 0.02 | 140 (61.14) | 1.33 (1.01–1.74) |  < 0.001 | 1.07 (0.79–1.46) | 0.79 |
 No | 2627 (94.46) | 275 (44.57) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 2352 (54.24) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Ilicit drug use | |||||||||||
 Yes | 52 (1.87) | 3 (50.00) | 1.20 (0.24–6.01) | 0.82 | – | – | 49 (64.47) | 1.52 (0.95–2.44) | 0.08 | – | – |
 No | 2729 (98.13) | 286 (45.40) | 1 |  | – | – | 2443 (54.42) | 1 |  | – | – |
Serving clients in a fixed venue | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2514 (90.40) | 281 (46.68) | 2.84 (1.27–6.39) | 0.01 | 1.08 (0.39–3.04) | 0.88 | 2233 (56.23) | 1.66 (1.40–2.00) |  < 0.001 | 1.44 (1.17–1.79) | 0.001 |
 No | 267 (9.60) | 8 (23.53) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 259 (43.60) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Having received free AIDS education and condom distribution services in the past year | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2762 (99.32) | 284 (47.33) | 5.57 (2.14–14.53) |  < 0.001 | 1.77 (0.58–5.39) | 0.32 | 2478 (55.37) | 6.74 (3.80–11.95) |  < 0.001 | 2.93 (1.92–2.67) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 19 (15.18) | 5 (13.89) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 14 (15.56) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Having received peer education services in the past year | |||||||||||
 Yes | 1820 (65.44) | 243 (59.27) | 5.69 (3.90–8.32) |  < 0.001 | 1.1 (0.59–2.08) | 0.76 | 1577 (69.47) | 3.43 ( 3.04–3.88) |  < 0.001 | 2.26 (1.92–2.66) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 961 (34.56) | 46 (20.35) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 915 (39.86) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Number of clients in the last month | |||||||||||
 < 60 | 1772 (63.72) | 192 (48.73) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1580 (57.69) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
 ≥ 60 | 1009 (36.28) | 97 (40.08) | 0.70 (0.51–0.97) | 0.03 | 1.30 (0.85–1.98) | 0.24 | 912 (49.95) | 0.73 ( 0.65–0.82) |  < 0.001 | 1.66 (1.41–1.94) |  < 0.001 |
Average age of male clients | |||||||||||
 ≥ 50 years | 820 (29.49) | 68 (48.23) | 1.16 (0.79–1.68) | 0.45 | – | – | 752 (69.05) | 2.23 (1.93–2.57) |  < 0.001 | 1.03 (0.85–1.25) | 0.76 |
 < 50 years | 1961 (70.51) | 221 (44.65) | 1 |  | – | – | 1740 (50.06) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Having regular, non-commercial sexual partners | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2329 (83.75) | 15 (44.12) | 0.94 (0.47–1.90) | 0.87 | – | – | 437 (71.75) | 2.35 (1.95–2.83) |  < 0.001 | 2.10 (1.63–2.62) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 452 (16.25) | 274 (45.51) | 1 |  | – | – | 2055 (51.95) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Having regular, commercial sexual partners | |||||||||||
 Yes | 1737 (62.46) | 205 (50.74) | 1.80 (1.30–2.53) |  < 0.001 | 1.59 (1.03–2.46) | 0.04 | 1532 (60.82) | 1.76 (1.56–1.98) |  < 0.001 | 1.46 (1.25–1.70) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 1044 (37.54) | 84 (36.21) | 1 |  | 1 | – | 960 (46.92) | 1 |  | – | – |
Clients' average payment for commercial sex | |||||||||||
 < 100 RMB | 1174 (42.22) | 196 (52.83) | 2.07 (1.50–2.87) |  < 0.001 | 2.40 (1.36–3.68) | 0.001 | 978 (59.56) | 1.37 (1.21–1.55) |  < 0.001 | 0.81 (0.67–0.97) | 0.02 |
 ≥ 100 RMB | 1607 (57.78) | 93 (35.09) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1514 (51.80) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Perception of risk for HIV infection | |||||||||||
 High level | 363 (13.05) | 41 (50.00) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 322 (49.31) | 1 |  |  |  |
 Mid level | 2091 (75.19) | 238 (47.22) | 0.89 (0.56–1.43) | 0.64 | 1.00 (0.58–1.73) | 1 | 1853 (56.67) | 1.34 (1.14–1.59) | 0.001 | – | – |
 Low level | 327 (11.76) | 10 (20.00) | 0.25 (0.11–0.57) | 0.001 | 0.98 (0.36–2.67) | 0.97 | 317 (49.38) | 1.10 (0.80–1.25) | 0.98 | – | – |
Perception of vulnerability to HIV/STIs | |||||||||||
 Yes | 2220 (79.83) | 276 (50.00) | 5.46 (2.96–10.10) |  < 0.001 | 2.43 (1.17–5.05) | 0.02 | 1944 (59.56) | 2.02 (1.78–2.30) |  < 0.001 | 1.72 (1.45–2.03) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 561 (20.17) | 13 (15.48) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 548 (42.12) | 1 |  | 1 |  |
Fearing their families knowing about their sex work | |||||||||||
 Yes | 1880 (67.60) | 198 (56.09) | 2.69 (1.95–3.74) |  < 0.001 | 0.81 (0.50–1.33) | 0.41 | 1682 (62.25) | 2.10 (1.90–2.42) |  < 0.001 | 1.56 (1.34–1.81) |  < 0.001 |
 No | 901 (32.40) | 91 (32.16) | 1 |  | 1 |  | 810 (43.48) | 1 |  | 1 |  |