Table 1 Bivariate and multivariable analysis of CRAB cultures evaluating association between patient/facility characteristics and 90-day mortality
Characteristics [N = 1048] | Death 90 days after culture date (%) [N = 318] | No death 90 days after culture date (%) [N = 730] | Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographic and clinical characteristics | ||||
Male | 315 (99.1) | 709 (97.1) | 3.11 (0.92–10.5) | – |
Age category | ||||
18–49 | 3 (0.9) | 50 (6.9) | Reference | Reference |
50–64 | 61 (19.2) | 258 (35.3) | 3.92 (1.19–13.05) | 3.24 (0.93–11.34) |
65 + | 254 (79.9) | 422 (57.8) | 10.03 (3.10–32.5) | 7.41 (2.16–25.37) |
Race | ||||
White | 200 (62.9) | 455 (62.3) | Reference | – |
African American | 112 (35.1) | 263 (36.0) | 0.97 (0.74–1.28) | – |
Other* | 6 (1.9) | 12 (1.6) | 1.14 (0.42–3.07) | – |
Ethnicity | ||||
Non-Latine | 260 (81.8) | 673 (92.2) | Reference | – |
Latine | 58 (18.2) | 57 (7.8) | 2.63 (1.78–3.90) | – |
Region | ||||
South | 139 (43.7) | 375 (51.4) | Reference | Reference |
Midwest | 40 (12.6) | 133 (18.2) | 0.81 (0.54–1.22) | 0.77 (0.49–1.21) |
West | 65 (20.4) | 111 (15.2) | 1.58 (1.10–2.27) | 1.21 (0.81–1.82) |
Northeast | 22 (6.9) | 71 (9.7) | 0.84 (0.50–2.40) | 0.59 (0.34–1.05) |
U.S. Territory | 52 (16.4) | 40 (5.5) | 3.51 (2.22–5.53) | 2.03 (1.19–3.45) |
Rurality | ||||
Urban | 308 (96.9) | 697 (95.5) | Reference | – |
Rural | 10 (3.1) | 33 (4.5) | 0.69 (0.33–1.41) | – |
Facility complexity | ||||
High | 315 (99.1) | 710 (97.3) | Reference | – |
Low | 3 (0.9) | 20 (2.7) | 0.34 (0.10–1.15) | – |
Care setting | ||||
Outpatient | 61 (19.2) | 202 (27.7) | Reference | Reference |
Long-term care | 26 (8.2) | 201 (27.5) | 0.43 (0.26–0.71) | 0.30 (0.16–0.54) |
Inpatient | 231 (72.6) | 327 (44.8) | 2.34 (1.68–3.26) | 1.59 (1.09–2.32) |
Specimen type | ||||
Urine | 50 (15.7) | 257 (25.2) | Reference | Reference |
Respiratory‡ | 124 (39.0) | 127 (17.4) | 5.02 (3.39–7.42) | 3.84 (2.48–5.93) |
Blood | 36 (11.3) | 20 (2.7) | 9.25 (4.95–17.28) | 6.98 (3.55–13.73) |
Other† | 108 (34.0) | 326 (44.7) | 1.70 (1.17–2.47) | 1.68 (1.12–2.52) |
Co-morbidities | ||||
Mean Charlson Score (SD) | 6 (3.2) | 5 (2.8) | < 0.0001§ | 1.11 (1.05–1.17) |
SCI/D | ||||
No | 272 (85.5) | 482 (66.0) | Reference | – |
Yes | 46 (14.5) | 248 (34.0) | 0.33 (0.23–0.47) | – |
Antibiotic exposure in previous 90 days | ||||
Any antibiotics | – | |||
No | 230 (72.3) | 462 (63.3) | Reference | Reference |
Yes | 88 (27.7) | 268 (36.7) | 0.66 (0.50–0.88) | 0.65 (0.46–0.91) |
Fluoroquinolones | ||||
No | 274 (86.2) | 593 (81.2) | Reference | – |
Yes | 44 (13.8) | 137 (18.8) | 0.70 (0.48–1.01) | – |
3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins | ||||
No | 311 (97.8) | 712 (97.5) | Reference | – |
Yes | 7 (2.2) | 18 (2.5) | 0.89 (0.37–2.15) | – |
Carbapenems | ||||
No | 316 (99.4) | 725 (99.3) | Reference | – |
Yes | 2 (0.6) | 5 (0.7) | 0.92 (0.18–4.76) | – |
Length of stay 1 year prior to culture | ||||
Mean, median (SD) | 75, 25 (95.5) | 67, 31 (89.7) | 0.1831§ | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) |