Table 1 Characterization of included studies

[110]

Prospective

2008–2009

Primary health care in Marrakech

660 nasopharyngeal samples (children under 2 years)

E-test

S. pneumoniae

[62]

Prospective

2008

Ibn Sina UH, Rabat

Nasal carriage of 54 hemodialyzed patients

DDM

S. aureus

[111]

Retrospective

Mar 2006–Jun 2010

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

307 samples corresponding to isolate bacterial strains from burn patients

DDM

K. pneumoniae, E coli

[112]

Survey

1998–2008

Ibn Rochd UH of Casablanca

955 consecutive non-duplicate isolates recovered at the microbiology laboratory

DDM

S. pneumoniae

[113]

Prospective

Jan 2010–Jan 2010

Private laboratory and Mohammed V Hospital Meknes

Urine samples from 480 inpatients and outpatients

DDM

E. coli, Klebsiella.sp

[114]

Surveillance

Sep 2007–Aug 2008

Ibn Rochd UH of Casablanca

185 children aged ≤ 5 years diagnosed with bacterial invasive infection

ADM and DDM

S. Pneumoniae

[115]

Prospective

July 2009–Dec 2010

UH Mohamed VI of Marrakesh

376 urine cytobacteriology (hospitalized infants)

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae

[63]

Prospective

Jan–Jul 2007

Ibn Rochd UH of Casablanca

160 isolates from pathological samples of patients (79 cases) and nasal swabs (81) of cases and controls

DDM

S. aureus

[116]

Prospective

Jan 2010 -Dec 2011

Casablanca, El Jadida, Settat, Rabat, Meknes, Fez

1174 community acquired uropathogenic E. coli isolates

DDM

E. Coli

[59]

Prospective

Jan–Dec 2010

Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat

47 nonduplicate A. baumannii isolated from in-patients

DDM

A. baumannii

[117]

Prospective

Jan – Sep 2009

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

Non-redundant isolates of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii from various samples

DDM

A. baumannii

[118]

Prospective

2010

UH Mohammed VI, Marrakech

38 cases of peritonitis (peritoneal fluid)

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae Streptococcus spp.

[49]

Retrospective

Jul–Dec 2009

Five cities situated in north, central, west and south Morocco

171 men complaining of urethral discharge

E-Test

N. gonorrhoeae

[119]

Retrospective

May 2007–May 2009

UH Mohammed VI, Marrakech and several health centers

Nasopharyngeal samples taken from healthy children aged 1–24 months (660 children)

DDM

S. pneumoniae

[64]

Cross-sectional

Jan to Jun 2012

Hemodialysis centers in Fez region

Nasal swab specimens (143 hemodialyzed outpatients and 32 medical staff)

DDM

S.aureus

[120]

Retrospective

Mar to Jun 2012

Clinical laboratories in Tangier-Tetouan region

111 Enterobacteriaceae isolates were collected with patient information

ADM

Enterobacteriaceae

[121]

Prospective

Jan 2011–Jan 2012

CHU Ibn Sina Rabat

50 A. baumannii isolates from patients in intensive care unit

E-Test

A. baumannii

[122]

Prospective

Feb 2012–Mar 2013

CHU Ibn Sina Rabat

Ear swabs were collected from patients at the pediatric hospital

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp.

[65]

Prospective

Nov 2008–Feb 2009

Private hemodialysis centres in Casablanca

Nasal swabs (145 patients and 42 personnel)

DDM

S. aureus

[123]

Prospective

Jun–Aug 2011

Ibn Rochd UH of Casablanca

166 isolates recovered from urine (n = 80), pus (n = 34), blood (n = 24), sputum (n = 11) and others (n = 17)

DDM

K. pneumoniae

[124]

Retrospective

Apr 2012–July 2013

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

Isolates from inpatients and outpatients. Urine isolates represented 82%

DDM

E. coli

[125]

Prospective

Jan 2012–Dec 2013

UH Mohamed VI of Marrakesh

406 enterobacteriaceae strains isolated (urinary samples of hospitalized children)

DDM

E. coli, Klebsiella.sp

[126]

Retrospective

Nov 2010–Dec 2012

Mohammed V Hospital Meknes

150 patients infected by E. coli from hematology (68.7%), urology (22%) and burn (16%) wards

DDM

E. coli

[127]

Retrospective

Jan 2010–Dec 2012

Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Marrakech

K. pneumoniae strains (urine samples)

BMD

K. pneumoniae

[128]

Retrospective

2010–2012

Avicenne Teaching Hospital, Marrakech

Uropathogenic E. coli (urine samples from in and outpatients

BMD

E. coli

[129]

Prospective

2007–2014

Ibn Rochd University Hospital Casablanca

655 S. pneumoniae isolates (pediatric and adult patients)

DDM

S. pneumoniae

[130]

Retrospective

Jan 2012–Dec 2013

Abderrahim El Harrouchi children hospital of Casablanca

34 patients (newborns)

ADM

E. Coli, K. pneumoniae

[48]

Not Mentioned

Mar 2001–Mar 2012

Pediatric hospital of Rabat

Children under-5 with acute moderate-to-severe diarrhea

DDM

Salmonella spp., E. coli, Shigella spp.

[57]

Retrospective

2012–2014

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

clinical isolates of Acinetobacter sp (samples from inpatients)

DDM

A. baumannii

[52]

Prospective

Dec 2012–Nov 2013

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

46 episodes of bacteremia recorded in 39 patients

DDM

A. baumannii, K. pneumonia

[131]

Prospective

Feb–July 2013

UH Hassan II, Fez

Hospitalized neonates (rectal swab specimens)

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumonia

[51]

Prospective

2012–2015

Laboratories of medical analysis from North-West of Morocco

516 clinical isolates. Specimens including urine (485), pus (15), vaginal specimen (10) and other ones with low rate

DDM and BMD

E. coli, Klebsiella spp.

[56]

Prospective

2010–2014

Ibn Rochd University Hospital Casablanca

4232 non-duplicate blood cultures

DDM

A. baumannii

[50]

Prospective

2003–2009

Pasteur Ins., Casablanca

26 isolates from foodstuffs and humans samples

ADM

Salmonella Infantis

[66]

Retrospective

Apr 2007–Dec 2015

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

451 wounds, 126 blood cultures and 50 catheter samples from burn inpatients

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae, Streptococcus spp.

[132]

Prospective

Feb 2013–July 2015

UH Hassan II, Fez

Intestinal carriage (newborns hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit)

DDM

A. baumannii

[60]

Prospective

Apr 2015–Jul 2016

MH, Regional hospital of Meknes and UH Center of Casablanca

Specimens including urine, pus, distal bronchial Levy protected, bronchial aspirate, central catheter, blood cultures and others

ADM

A. baumannii

[133]

Retrospective

Jan 2013–Dec 2017

UH Mohamed VI of Marrakesh

4 769 cytobacteriological examinations of urine (hospitalized children 0–17 years)

DDM

E. Coli

[61]

Prospective

Jun 2017–Jun 2018

UH Mohamed VI of Marrakesh

Nasal carriage of S. aureus in 300 children consulting at different pediatric specialties

ADM and DDM

S. aureus

[53]

Retrospective

Jun 2015–Jun 2016

Mohammed V Hospital Meknes

126 burn patients (86 infected)

DDM

E. Coli

[55]

Case control

Mar 2015–Mar 2016

UH Mohamed VI of Marrakesh

479 patients from the clinical and surgical ICU enrolled with a first clinical episode of HAI

DDM

A. baumannii

[134]

Survey

2015–2018

UH Ibn Rochd, Casablanca

19 S. pneumoniae isolates (community patients with respiratory tract infections)

BMD

S. pneumoniae

[67]

Case report

2017

UH Ibn Rochd, Casablanca

35-year-old female patient. Swab sample from the surgical wound

DDM

S. pneumoniae

[135]

Prospective

Feb 2013–July 2015

UH Hassan II, Fez

Intestinal carriage (newborns hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit)

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae

[136]

Retrospective

Jan 2016–Jun 2019

Cheikh Khalifa International UH, Casablanca

Isolates of ESBL-EC isolated from 670 urine samples

DDM

E. coli

[137]

Prospective

Jan 2017–Dec 2018

Medical analysis laboratories in Casablanca city

2090 urines samples collected throughout Casablanca from the health facilities

DDM

E. coli

[58]

Retrospective

Jun 2016–Dec 2018

UH Mohammed VI of Oujda

863 positive blood cultures in the microbiology laboratory (adults, children and newborns)

Not indicated

A. baumannii

[138]

Retrospective

Jan 2012–Dec 2018

Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat

10,324 isolates of E. coli

DDM

E. coli

[54]

Case control

Jan–Dec 2018

UH Mohammed VI of Marrakesh

131 non-duplicate carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae

DDM

E. coli, K. pneumoniae