Fig. 1

Timeline of clinical events and pharmacological treatments. The patient visited four hospitals successively; Hospital C was our hospital. He presented to our hospital three times and underwent three pathological biopsies and two mNGS tests. We performed follow-up chest CT scans and adjusted the medication accordingly. Hemoptysis resolved after treatment with amphotericin B. A Results of the first chest CT performed in our hospital (2019-4-11). Multiple nodules, mass lesions, and patchy shadows were present throughout both lungs, mainly under the pleura and particularly in the right upper and lower lobes. The results also showed unclear borders, an internal cavity, and moderate enhancement, with a standardized uptake value (SUV) of approximately 34/60/71 µ. B Results of chest CT re-examination after two months (2019-6-14). Some lesions in the posterior right upper and right lower lobes progressed, while others had been obviously absorbed. C Results of chest CT after 3 months of amphotericin B treatment (2019-10-12). The lesions had been obviously absorbed. D Results of follow-up chest CT after drug withdrawal for more than two months (2019-12-7). No change was observed compared to the last imaging findings