Table 3 Comparison between women with and without known diagnosis at delivery
From: New diagnosis of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in 8 Latin-American countries during 2018
All* N = 69** | Women with known diagnosis at delivery N = 10** | Women without known diagnosis at delivery N = 59** | p | OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pregnancy and delivery | |||||
Mother’s age at pregnancy (years) | 26 (22.0–31.8) | 21.5 (18.3–35.0) | 26.0 (22.0–33.0) | 0.99 | |
Prenatal care | 47/61 (77.0) | 9/10 (90) | 38/51 (74.5) | 0.43 | |
Delivery in a third level medical centre | 23/69 (33.3) | 5/10 (50) | 18/59 (30.5) | 0.26 | |
Gestational age (weeks) | 38 (37–40) | 38 (37–38) | 38 (37–40) | 0.05 | |
Caesarean delivery | 27/68 (39.7) | 9/9 (100.0) | 18/59 (30.5) | < 0.01 | 3.3 (2.2–4.8) |
Prematurity (< 37 weeks) | 7/66 (10.6) | 3/10 (30) | 4/56 (7.1) | 0.07 | |
Intrapartum ARV prophylaxis | 3/64 (4.7) | 3/6 (50.0) | 0/58 (0.0) | < 0.01 | |
Invasive procedures | 2/60 (3.3) | 0/9 (0.0) | 2/51 (3.9) | 1.00 | |
Neonatal period | |||||
ARV newborn prophylaxis | 10/69 (14.5) | 8/10 (80.0) | 2/59 (3.4) | < 0.01 | 26.2 (6.6–104.4) |
Duration of prophylaxis (median) (weeks) | 0 (0.0–0.4) | 4 (4.0–4.0) | 0 | < 0.01 | |
Cotrimoxazol prophylaxis | 9/59 (15.3) | 7/9 (77.8) | 2/50 (4.0) | < 0.01 | 22.3 (5.6–89.0) |
Artificial formula feeding | 10/68 (14.7) | 8/10 (80) | 2/58 (3.4) | < 0.01 | 23.2 (5.7–93.8) |
Diagnosis | |||||
Number of children diagnosed later than their mothers | 43/61 (70.5) | 5/7 (71.4) | 38/54 (70.4) | 1.0 | |
Age at diagnosis (years) | 2.3 (0.7–4.7) | 0.3 (0.2–3.2) | 2.4 (1.0–5.2) | 0.03 | |
Previous hospitalizations | 29/67 (43.3) | 0/9 (0.0) | 29/58 (50.0) | < 0.01 | |
Number of previous hospitalizations | 1 (0–2) | 0 (0–0) | 1 (0–2) | ||
Low weight percentile (p ≤ 3) | 23/66 (34.8) | 2/9 (22.2) | 21/57 (36.8) | 0.17 | |
Low height percentile (p ≤ 3) | 20/66 (30.3) | 3/9 (33.3) | 17/57 (29.8) | 0.73 | |
Stage 1 following CDC immunological classification*** | 18/59 (30.5) | 4/7 (57.1) | 14/52 (26.9) | 0.18 | |
Stage N/A following CDC clinical classification*** | 23/67 (34.3) | 8/10 (80) | 15/57 (26.3) | < 0.01 | 3.0 (1.8–5.2) |
CD4 < 500 cel/µl | 23/63 (36.5) | 0/9 (0.0) | 23/54 (42.6) | 0.02 | |
CD4 < 15% | 19/52 (36.5) | 2/7 (28.6) | 17/45 (37.8) | 1.0 | |
Viral load < 100,000 copies/ml | 25/64 (39.1) | 5/10 (50) | 20/54 (37.0) | 0.49 | |
Symptoms at diagnosis | |||||
Chronic diarrea | 20/56 (35.7) | 1/5 (20) | 19/51 (37.3) | 0.65 | |
Chronic parotitis | 2/55 (3.6) | 0/5 (0.0) | 2/50 (4.0) | 1.0 | |
Adenopathies | 33/58 (56.9) | 2/6 (33.3) | 31/52 (59.6) | 0.39 | |
Hepatomegaly | 29/57 (50.9) | 3/7 (42.9) | 26/50 (52.0) | 0.71 | |
Splenomegaly | 14/53 (26.4) | 1/6 (16.7) | 13/47 (27.7) | 1.0 | |
Neurological symptoms | 2/54 (3.7) | 1/5 (20) | 1/49 (2.0) | 0.18 | |
Psychomotor delay | 25/54 (46.3) | 2/5 (40) | 23/49 (46.9) | 1.0 | |
Oportunistic infections | 23/59 (39.0) | 1/6 (33.3) | 22/53 (41.5) | 0.39 | |
Severe acute malnutrition | 32/52 (61.5) | 1/5 (20) | 31/47 (66.0) | 0.07 | |
Chronic neumopathy | 4/54 (7.4) | 0/5 (0.0) | 4/49 (8.2) | 1.0 | |
Chronic anemia | 17/53 (32.1) | 0/5 (0.0) | 17/48 (35.42) | 0.16 | |
Chronic thrombocytopenia | 6/53 (11.3) | 0/5 (0.0) | 6/48 (12.5) | 1.0 | |
Tuberculosis | 10/50 (20) | 1/9 (11.1) | 9/41 (22.0) | 1.0 | |