Table 1 Initial demographic and clinical features associated with MIS-A development
From: Enigma of COVID-19: is “multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults” (MIS-A) predictable?
All patients n = 2333 | MIS-A | Univariable Cox regression | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No n = 2101 | Yes n = 232 | HR | 95% CI | p | ||
Age, years | 59.4 ± 16.4 | 59.1 ± 16.6 | 62.1 ± 14.3 | 1.01 | 0.98–1.02 | 0.078 |
Gender, n (%) | ||||||
Female | 1120 (48.0) | 1031 (49.1) | 89 (38.4) | Ref | ||
Male | 1213 (52.0) | 1070 (50.9) | 143 (61.6) | 1.53 | 1.18–2.00 | 0.002 |
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||||
DM | 662 (28.4) | 591 (28.1) | 71 (30.6) | 1.06 | 0.80–1.40 | 0.674 |
HT | 970 (41.6) | 873 (41.6) | 97 (41.8) | 0.97 | 0.74–1.25 | 0.790 |
CRF | 196 (8.4) | 173 (8.2) | 23 (9.9) | 1.09 | 0.71–1.69 | 0.683 |
CAD | 430 (18.4) | 385 (18.3) | 45 (19.4) | 1.03 | 0.75–1.43 | 0.840 |
COPD | 174 (7.5) | 162 (7.7) | 12 (5.2) | 0.61 | 0.34–1.10 | 0.103 |
Malignancy | 197 (8.4) | 179 (8.5) | 18 (7.8) | 0.86 | 0.53–1.39 | 0.536 |
Presence of typical COVID-19 Involvement | 1899 (81.4) | 1681 (80.0) | 218 (94.0) | 3.67 | 2.14–6.30 | < 0.001 |
Laboratory findings | ||||||
Hemoglobin (gr/dL) | 12.6 ± 2.1 | 12.6 ± 2.1 | 12.7 ± 1.9 | 1.04 | 0.98–1.10 | 0.241 |
Platelet, × 103/mm3 | 213 (1–1555) | 216 (1–1555) | 186.5 (24–685) | 0.97 | 0.96–0.98 | < 0.001 |
Leukocyte, × 103/mm3 | 6.5 (0.1–124.4) | 6.6 (0.1–124.4) | 6.2 (0.6–40.4) | 1.01 | 0.98–1.03 | 0.691 |
Neutrophil, × 103/mm3 | 4.3 (0–42.4) | 4.3 (0–42.4) | 4.6 (0.2–35.8) | 1.04 | 1.01–1.07 | 0.009 |
Lymphocyte, × 103 | 1.3 (0.2–17.9) | 1.3 (0.2–17.9) | 1.0 (0.2–6.3) | 0.46 | 0.35–0.58 | < 0.001 |
LDH (IU/L) | 251 (37–1877) | 244 (37–1877) | 331 (134–1323) | 1.03 | 1.01–1.05 | < 0.001 |
LLR | 0.2 (0–4.2) | 0.2 (0–0.7) | 0.3 (0.1–4.2) | 3.25 | 2.71–3.89 | < 0.001 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 39 (0.2–429) | 34 (0.2–400) | 77 (2.8–429) | 1.06 | 1.04–1.07 | < 0.001 |
Procalcitonin (ng/ml) | 0.1 (0–81.7) | 0.1 (0–81.7) | 0.1 (0–27.9) | 1.01 | 0.98–1.03 | 0.673 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 33 (6–442) | 32 (6–442) | 40 (11–269) | 1.04 | 1.01–1.07 | 0.003 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.1–29.4) | 0.8 (0.1–29.4) | 0.9 (0.4–17.9) | 1.03 | 0.96–1.11 | 0.446 |
AST (IU/L) | 26 (3–2524) | 26 (3–2524) | 33 (12–1251) | 1.03 | 1.01–1.06 | 0.006 |
ALT (IU/L) | 21 (1–2034) | 20 (1–2034) | 25 (5–631) | 1.01 | 0.99–1.02 | 0.162 |
Total protein (gr/dL) | 68.3 ± 7.3 | 68.3 ± 7.4 | 68 ± 6.5 | 0.99 | 0.98–1.02 | 0.679 |
Albumin (gr/L) | 36.5 ± 5.2 | 36.6 ± 5.2 | 35.7 ± 5.2 | 0.98 | 0.95–1.01 | 0.075 |
CK (IU/L) | 76 (1–7290) | 73 (1–7290) | 106.5 (12–3303) | 1.03 | 1.01–1.06 | 0.003 |
D-dimer | 0.7 (0–36) | 0.7 (0–36) | 0.8 (0–21.6) | 0.99 | 0.95–1.04 | 0.876 |
Ferritin (mcg/L) | 158 (2–5900) | 145 (2–5900) | 372 (14–3247) | 1.08 | 1.07–1.09 | < 0.001 |
Fibrinojen (mg/dL) | 478.5 (0.7–12,000) | 467 (0.7–12,000) | 555 (139–1355) | 1.02 | 1.01–1.04 | 0.002 |
Presence of Resistant Fever, n (%) | 119 (5.1) | 55 (2.6) | 64 (27.6) | 7.37 | 5.51–9.86 | < 0.001 |
Time to blood sampling, days (range) | 8 (1–22) | 9 (4–22) | 5 (1–12) | – | – | – |
Time to MIS-A, days (range) | – | – | 3 (1–26) | – | – | – |
Exitus, n (%) | 164 (7.0) | 82 (3.9) | 82 (35.3) | – | – | – |
Follow up duration, days | 7 (1–54) | 6 (1–52) | 10 (1–54) | – | – | – |