Table 5 Distribution of demographic and clinical features of participants (n = 1916) according to BMI classification

Gender^a

 Male

45 (42.1%)

388 (34.5%)

178 (37.1%)

61 (30.0%)

 Female

62 (57.9%)

738 (65.5%)

302 (62.9%)

142 (70.0%)

Age (yrs.); Mean ± SD^b

40.81 ± 16.35

43.36 ± 16.34

42.53 ± 16.51

42.82 ± 15.75

H. pylori infection^a

 Positive

77 (72.0%)

841 (74.7%)

375 (78.1%)

149 (73.4%)

 Negative

30 (28.0%)

285 (25.3%)

105 (21.9%)

54 (26.6%)

Esophageal findings^a

 GERD

44 (41.1%)

477(42.4%)

245 (51.0%)

108 (53.2%)

 Non-GERD

63 (58.9%)

649 (57.6%)

235 (49.0%)

95 (46.8%)

Gastric findings^a

 Normal

70 (65.4%)

615 (54.6%)

277 (57.7%)

118 (58.1%)

 Ulcerative

6 (5.6%)

42 (3.7%)

14 (2.9%)

12 (5.9%)

 Abnormal non-ulcerative

31 (29.0%)

469 (41.7%)

189 (39.4%)

73 (36.0%)

Duodenal findings^a

 Normal

95 (88.8%)

954 (84.7%)

414 (86.3%)

176 (86.7%)

 Ulcerative

9 (8.4%)

92 (8.2%)

35 (7.3%)

17 (8.4%)

 Abnormal non-ulcerative

3 (2.8%)

80 (7.1%)

31 (6.5%)

10 (4.9%)

Cigarette smoking^a

18 (16.8%)

107 (9.5%)

39 (8.1%)

19 (9.4%)

Sociodemographic status^a

 Rural

83 (77.6%)

763 (67.8%)

320 (66.7%)

119 (58.6%)

 Urban

24 (22.4%)

363 (32.2%)

160 (33.3%)

84 (41.4%)

Hiatus hernia^a

9 (8.4%)

108 (9.6%)

69 (14.4%)

37 (18.2%)