Table 5 Characteristics of hospitalized patients treated according to different systemic antifungal strategies, during the 5-day observation period
Prophylactic strategy (n = 95) | Empiric strategy (n = 13) | Pre-emptive or curative strategy (n = 11) | Total (N = 119) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex: male | 56 (59) | 6 (46) | 5 (45) | 67 (56) |
Adults | 88 (93) | 11 (85) | 11 (100) | 110 (92) |
Median age (year) | ||||
Adult (range) | 52.2 (21 − 71) | 40.7 (28 − 63) | 52.9 (22 − 64) | 51.4 (21 − 71) |
Children (range) | 7.7 (0 − 12) | 12.4 (12 − 12) | 7.9 (0 − 12) | |
Hematological malignancy | ||||
Acute myeloid leukemia | 41 (43) | 6 (46) | 8 (73) | 55 (46) |
Myelodysplastic syndrome | 5 (5) | 1 (8) | 1 (9) | 7 (6) |
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia | 16 (17) | 2 (15) | 1 (9) | 19 (16) |
Hodgkin lymphoma | 9 (9) | 1 (8) | 1 (9) | 11 (9) |
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma | 9 (0) | 0 | 0 | 9 (8) |
Chronic lymphoid leukemia | 1 (1) | 0 | 0 | 1 (1) |
Myeloma | 5 (5) | 1 (8) | 0 | 6 (5) |
Chronic myeloid leukemia | 3 (3) | 2 (15) | 0 | 5 (4) |
Other | 6 (6) | 0 | 0 | 6 (5) |
Disease status: relapse or refractory | 56 (59) | 8 (62) | 10 (91) | 74 (62) |
Underlying conditions | ||||
GVHDa,b | 27 (28) | 3 (23) | 6 (55) | 36 (30) |
Grade I − II acute GVHD | 10 (37) | 1 (33) | 5 (83) | 16 (44) |
Grade III − IV acute GVHD | 14 (52) | 1 (33) | 1 (17) | 16 (44) |
Chronic GVHD | 7 (26) | 2 (67) | 1 (17) | 10 (28) |
Neutropenic phase | 38 (40) | 9 (69) | 4 (36) | 51 (43) |
Neutropenia for at least 10 days | 16 (17) | 9 (69) | 4 (36) | 29 (24) |
Persistent fever refractory to antibiotic therapy | 6 (6) | 5 (38) | 3 (27) | 14 (12) |
Previous IFD | 19 (20) | 2 (15) | 4 (36) | 25 (21) |
Ongoing treatments | ||||
Chemotherapy | 44 (46) | 6 (46) | 4 (36) | 54 (45) |
Antibiotics | 80 (84) | 12 (92) | 11 (100) | 103 (87) |
Immunosuppressors | 67 (71) | 13 (100) | 7 (64) | 87 (73) |
Antivirals | 87 (92) | 11 (85) | 9 (82) | 107 (90) |
Time since entry in the unit | ||||
≥ 30 days | 20 (21) | 3 (23) | 7 (64) | 30 (25) |
< 15 days | 61 (64) | 3 (23) | 3 (27) | 67 (56) |
Hospitalization in a room with air treatment | 82 (86) | 13 (100) | 10 (91) | 105 (88) |
Laminar flow sterile room or IMMUNAIR™ bedc | 60 (73) | 11 (85) | 8 (80) | 79 (75) |
Highly purified HEPA-filtered roomc | 18 (22) | 1 (8) | 2 (20) | 21 (20) |
Conventional roomc,d | 4 (5) | 1 (8) | 0 | 5 (5) |