Table 1 Characteristics of patients according to transplant anteriority

Sex: male

70 (57)

9 (38)

79 (54)

Median age (range), years

50.2 (0.1–71.2)

48.2 (3.0–68.0)

49.8 (0.1–71.2)

Hematological malignancy

  Acute myeloid leukemia

56 (46)

11 (46)

67 (46)

  Myelodysplastic syndrome

7 (6)

1 (4)

8 (5)

  Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

18 (15)

7 (29)

25 (17)

  Hodgkin lymphoma

12 (10)

1 (4)

13 (9)

  Non-Hodgkin lymphoma

11 (9)

0

11 (7)

  Chronic lymphoid leukemia

1 (1)

0

1 (1)

  Myeloma

6 (5)

3 (13)

9 (6)

  Chronic myeloid leukemia

6 (5)

0

6 (4)

  Other

6 (5)

1 (4)

7 (5)

Disease status: relapse or refractory

71 (58)

21 (88)

92 (63)

Underlying conditions

  GVHD^a

34 (28)

13 (54)

47 (32)

      Grade I–II acute GVHD

18 (15)

5 (21)

23 (16)

      Grade III–IV acute GVHD

14 (11)

4 (17)

18 (12)

      Chronic GVHD

4 (3)

9 (38)

13 (9)

  Neutropenic phase

52 (42)

12 (50)

64 (44)

  Persistent fever refractory to antibiotic therapy

13 (11)

2 (8)

15 (10)

  Previous IFD

26 (21)

7 (29)

33 (22)

     Proven IFD

     Probable IFD

     Possible IFD

2 (2)

4 (3)

2 (2)

0 (0)

2 (8)

1 (4)

2 (1)

6 (4)

3 (2)

Ongoing treatments

  Antibiotics

104 (85)

21 (88)

125 (85)

  Immunosuppressors

91 (74)

11 (46)

102 (69)

  Antivirals

112 (91)

18 (75)

130 (88)

Time since entry in the unit

  ≥ 30 days

34 (28)

3 (13)

37 (25)

  < 15 days

68 (55)

17 (71)

85 (58)

  Median time, days (range)

12 (0–143)

6.5 (0–56)

11 (0–143)

Hospitalization in a room with air treatment

108 (88)

19 (79)

127 (86)

  Laminar flow sterile room or IMMUNAIR™ bed^b

85 (79)

11 (58)

96 (76)

  Highly purified HEPA-filtered room^b

19 (18)

5 (26)

24 (19)

  Conventional room^b,c

4 (4)

3 (16)

7 (5)