Table 1 Patient and selected diagnostic and infection characteristics in included CAP cases
Variable | Hospital 1 | Hospital 2 | Hospital 3 | Hospital 4 | Hospital 5 | Hospital 6 | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Intervention site | No | No | No | No | No | Yes | |
n | 123 | 283 | 132 | 117 | 158 | 467 | 1280 |
Age average(years) | 71.5 | 75.1 | 71.8 | 71.7 | 73.6 | 69.8 | 72 |
Age > 65 years (%) | 74.8% | 81.2% | 75.0% | 69.2% | 75.3% | 69.8% | 73.9% |
Male gender (%) | 58.1% | 50.1% | 58.6% | 50.4% | 49.4% | 52.3% | 52.1% |
Nursing home resident (%) | 4.1% | 3.5% | 8.3% | 1.7% | 5.1% | 5.8% | 4.9% |
Comorbidity status | |||||||
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 13 (10.6) | 32 (11.3) | 16 (12.1) | 23 (19.7) | 31 (19.6) | 61 (13.1) | 176 (13.8) |
Chronic congestive heart disease | 10 (8.1) | 38 (13.4) | 18 (13.6) | 20 (17.1) | 36 (22.8) | 58 (12.4) | 180 (14.1) |
CRB65 score (%) | |||||||
0 | 22.0% | 12.0% | 22.0% | 19.7% | 22.2% | 25.1% | 20.7% |
1 | 46.3% | 50.5% | 41.7% | 50.4% | 55.7% | 46.0% | 48.2% |
2 | 24.4% | 29.0% | 28.8% | 23.1% | 17.1% | 23.1% | 24.4% |
3 | 7.3% | 8.1% | 7.6% | 6.0% | 5.1% | 5.1% | 6.3% |
4 | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 0.9% | 0.0% | 0.6% | 0.4% |
Antimicrobial therapy before microbiological testing (average per year) | 23.4% | 19.4% | 17.4% | 23.4% | 19.4% | 20.6% | 20.6% |
ICU admittance, n (%) | 19 (15.4) | 42 (14.8) | 26 (19.7) | 23 (19.7) | 10 (6.3) | 37 (7.9) | 157 (12.2) |
Positive pressure ventilation | |||||||
Non-invasive, n (%) | 9 (7.3) | 34 (12.0) | 12 (9.1) | 14 (12.0) | 13 (8.2) | 87 (18.6) | 169 (13.2) |
Invasive, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 4 (1.4) | 5 (3.8) | 4 (3.4) | 2 (1.2) | 5 (1.1) | 21 (1.6) |
Definite or probable new radiological infiltrate, n (%) | 87 (70.7) | 251 (88.7) | 101 (76.5) | 98 (83.4) | 143 (90.5) | 418 (89.5) | 1098 (85.6) |
Diagnostic tests performed | |||||||
Nasal secretions, n (%) | 23 (18.7) | 78 (27.6) | 27 (20.5) | 23 (19.7) | 41 (25.9) | 112 (24.0) | 304 (23.8) |
Pharyngeal secretions, n (%) | 11 (8.9) | 14 (4.9) | 14 (10.6) | 11 (9.4) | 17 (10.8) | 54 (11.6) | 121 (9.5) |
Expectorated or induced sputum, n (%) | 35 (28.5) | 65 (23.0) | 34 (25.8) | 34 (29.1) | 60 (38.0) | 171 (36.6) | 399 (31.2) |
Tracheal secretions, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 4 (1.4) | 5 (3.8) | 4 (3.4) | 2 (1.3) | 5 (1.3) | 21 (1.6) |
Bronchoalveolar lavage, n (%) | 2 (1.6) | 6 (2.1) | 2 (1.5) | 2 (1.7) | 3 (1.9) | 11 (2.4) | 26 (2.0) |
Pleural effusion aspiration, n (%) | 1 (0.8) | 3 (1.1) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (0.9) | 2 (1.3) | 16 (3.4) | 24 (1.9) |
Blood culture, n (%) | 118 (95.9) | 272 (96.1) | 121 (91.7) | 112 (95.7) | 139 (88.0) | 452 (96.8) | 1214 (94.8) |
NAAT, n (%) | 26 (21.1) | 68 (24.0) | 34 (25.8) | 22 (18.8) | 44 (27.8) | 127 (27.2) | 321 (25.1) |