Table 5 Klebsiella spp. isolatesa: adjusted estimates for resistance over time and by geographic region
Characteristics | ESBL | Beta-lactam | Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole | Fluoroquinolones | Nitrofurantoin | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | Est (95% CI) | P | |
Year | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||||
2011 | 6.3 (6.2–6.4) | 92.8 (92.3–93.4) | 11.0 (10.9–11.2) | 6.7 (4.6–8.0) | 58.5 (57.1–59.7) | |||||
2012 | 6.4 (6.2–6.5) | 91.4 (90.9–91.9) | 10.4 (10.2–10.6) | 6.9 (4.9–8.2) | 60.0 (58.6–61.2) | |||||
2013 | 6.4 (6.3–6.5) | 89.5 (88.9–90.0) | 9.9 (9.6–10.1) | 6.9 (4.9–8.2) | 60.8 (59.4–62.0) | |||||
2014 | 6.6 (6.4–6.7) | 87.7 (87.1–88.2) | 9.3 (9.0–9.5) | 5.6 (3.4–6.9) | 59.8 (58.4–61.0) | |||||
2015 | 6.6 (6.5–6.7) | 86.8 (86.2–87.3) | 10.5 (10.2–10.7) | 6.2 (5.0–7.5) | 57.2 (55.8–58.4) | |||||
2016 | 6.6 (6.5–6.7) | 85.8 (85.3–86.4) | 10.4 (10.2–10.6) | 5.9 (4.7–7.1) | 52.5 (51.2–53.9) | |||||
2017 | 6.7 (6.6–6.9) | 84.9 (84.3–85.5) | 10.3 (10.0–10.5) | 5.9 (4.7–7.1) | 53.4 (52.0–54.8) | |||||
2018 | 6.8 (6.7–7.0) | 84.0 (83.5–84.6) | 10.6 (10.3–10.8) | 6.0 (4.8–7.2) | 54.7 (53.3–56.1) | |||||
2019 | 6.9 (6.8–7.1) | 82.8 (82.2–83.4) | 11.4 (11.1–11.6) | 6.3 (5.1–7.6) | 55.4 (54.0–56.8) | |||||
2020 | 7.2 (7.0–7.3) | 81.1 (80.5–81.7) | 11.3 (11.1–11.5) | 6.8 (5.6–7.1) | 59.2 (57.9–60.6) | |||||
Season (quarter) | 0.336 | 0.038 | 0.310 | 0.060 | < 0.001 | |||||
1 | 6.9 (6.1–7.8) | 86.1 (81.9–90.3) | 10.8 (9.2–12.1) | 6.5 (5.7–7.4) | 55.8 (51.3–60.1) | |||||
2 | 6.8 (6.0–7.7) | 85.6 (81.1–89.8) | 10.5 (9.0–11.9) | 6.3 (5.4–7.1) | 55.4 (50.6–59.7) | |||||
3 | 6.7 (5.9–7.5) | 85.1 (80.9–89.3) | 10.4 (8.8–11.8) | 6.1 (5.2–6.9) | 57.2 (52.3–61.5) | |||||
4 | 6.6 (5.8–7.4) | 84.8 (80.3–89.0) | 10.7 (9.1–12.2) | 6.2 (5.3–7.1) | 57.7 (53.0–62.0) | |||||
Census region | 0.003 | < 0.001 | 0.050 | < 0.001 | 0.033 | |||||
East North Central | 5.1 (4.1–6.0) | 93.5 (88.8–98.2) | 9.2 (7.3–10.6) | 6.2 (5.2–7.2) | 54.2 (48.5–59.6) | |||||
East South Central | 7.2 (6.2–8.3) | 91.4 (86.3–96.2) | 11.6 (10.0–13.0) | 6.8 (5.7–7.8) | 58.0 (52.3–62.7) | |||||
Middle Atlantic | 7.1 (6.1–8.1) | 93.3 (88.6–98.0) | 10.7 (9.0–12.2) | 5.4 (4.3–6.4) | 56.6 (50.9–61.9) | |||||
Mountain | 4.7 (3.8–5.7) | 86.4 (81.7–91.2) | 8.1 (6.6–9.5) | 3.6 (2.9–4.6) | 52.6 (46.9–57.8) | |||||
New England | 3.6 (3.0–4.2) | 85.2 (82.3–88.1) | 7.9 (7.1–8.8) | 7.0 (5.9–8.1) | 56.1 (52.0–61.3) | |||||
Pacific | 8.6 (7.6–9.6) | 87.6 (82.9–92.3) | 10.7 (8.8–12.1) | 7.0 (5.9–8.0) | 56.4 (50.7–61.8) | |||||
South Atlantic | 7.0 (6.0–7.9) | 74.7 (70.0–79.5) | 10.7 (8.9–12.0) | 7.0 (5.9–8.0) | 61.6 (56.0–67.1) | |||||
West North Central | 3.6 (2.9–4.3) | 94.9 (91.9–97.7) | 7.8 (6.3–9.0) | 2.0 (1.1–3.0) | 48.2 (43.9–53.4) | |||||
West South Central | 7.2 (6.2–8.1) | 69.4 (64.6–74.1) | 11.7 (9.7–13.3) | 6.4 (5.3–7.5) | 55.6 (50.0–61.1) | |||||