Table 3 Comparison of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and potential factors among different population groups
Variables | Medical workers | Students | General population | Public health professionals | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Have COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy | |||||
 No | 2307 (86.9) | 573 (76.1) | 342 (78.8) | 344 (89.6) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 349 (13.1) | 180 (23.9) | 92 (21.2) | 40 (10.4) |  |
Concerns about infection with COVID-19 | |||||
\(m\pm SD\)Â Â | 9.83 \(\pm\) 2.10 | 9.80 \(\pm\) 2.13 | 10.06 \(\pm\) 1.79 | 9.56 \(\pm\) 1.88 | 0.007 |
Do you agree that COVID-19 epidemic is a severe problem affecting the health of the community? | |||||
 No | 698 (26.3) | 242 (32.1) | 146 (33.6) | 93 (24.2) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 1958 (73.7) | 511 (67.9) | 288 (66.4) | 291 (75.8) |  |
Do you agree that COVID-19 will be a great threat to your health if you are infected? | |||||
 No | 269 (10.1) | 108 (14.3) | 47 (10.8) | 46 (12.0) | 0.012 |
 Yes | 2387 (89.9) | 645 (85.7) | 387 (89.2) | 338 (88.0) |  |
Do you agree that you will get COVID-19 vaccine if doctors recommend? | |||||
 No | 221 (8.3) | 101 (13.4) | 68 (15.7) | 22 (5.7) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 2435 (91.7) | 652 (86.6) | 366 (84.3) | 2435 (94.3) |  |
Do you agree that the advice of your family members or friends will affect your intention of getting COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 1721 (64.8) | 319 (42.4) | 237 (54.6) | 254 (66.1) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 935 (35.2) | 434 (57.6) | 197 (45.4) | 130 (33.9) |  |
Do you need transparent information about COVID-19 vaccine development, efficacy and safety? | |||||
 No | 456 (17.2) | 142 (18.9) | 62 (14.3) | 38 (9.9) | 0.001 |
 Yes | 2200 (82.8) | 611 (81.1) | 372 (85.7) | 346 (90.1) |  |
Do you have doubts about the source of information about the COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 2064 (77.7) | 437 (58.0) | 276 (63.6) | 308 (80.2) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 592 (22.3) | 316 (42.0) | 158 (36.4) | 76 (19.8) |  |
Have you ever received negative information about getting the COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 1260 (47.4) | 373 (49.5) | 203 (46.8) | 140 (36.5) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 1396 (52.6) | 380 (50.5) | 231 (53.2) | 244 (63.5) |  |
Would you like to get the COVID-19 vaccine after receiving the negative information about it? | |||||
 No | 932 (35.1) | 357 (47.4) | 205 (47.2) | 104 (27.1) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 1724 (64.9) | 396 (52.6) | 229 (52.8) | 280 (72.9) |  |
Do you agree that the time costs in waiting for the vaccination or staying at the clinic will be a barrier for you to get COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 2033 (76.5) | 444 (59.0) | 290 (66.8) | 281 (73.2) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 623 (23.5) | 309 (41.0) | 144 (33.2) | 103 (26.8) |  |
Do you agree that the environment of the clinic will be a barrier for you to get COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 1708 (64.3) | 331 (44.0) | 208 (47.9) | 217 (56.5) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 948 (35.7) | 422 (56.0) | 226 (52.1) | 167 (43.5) |  |
Do you agree that the costs of going to the clinic will be a barrier for you to get COVID-19 vaccine? | |||||
 No | 2011 (75.7) | 376 (49.9) | 271 (62.4) | 270 (70.3) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 645 (24.3) | 377 (50.1) | 163 (37.6) | 114 (29.7) |  |
Do you agree that you have no need of getting COVID-19 vaccine because you are healthy? | |||||
 No | 2364 (89.0) | 582 (77.3) | 354 (81.6) | 347 (90.4) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 292 (11.0) | 171 (22.7) | 80 (18.4) | 37 (9.6) |  |
Have you gotten emergency COVID-19 vaccination for some reasons? | |||||
 No | 1610 (60.6) | 638 (84.7) | 373 (85.9) | 222 (57.8) |  < 0.001 |
 Yes | 1046 (39.4) | 115 (15.3) | 61 (14.1) | 162 (42.2) |  |