Table 1 Summary of the used model parameters and their uncertainties according to literature

Asymptomatic fraction

[%]

10

20

30

Fraction of asymptomatic disease courses

[10,11,12,13]

Asymptomatic infectivity

[%]

40

70

100

Infectiousness of asymptomatic individuals compared to symptomatic individuals

[1, 11, 12]

False symptoms

[agents/day]

0.5

1

2

Average daily amount of non-COVID-19 related symptomatic individuals

Assumed

False traces

[agents]

4

8

12

Average amount of erroneously traced individuals assuming perfect tracing efficiency

Assumed

Heterogeneity modifier

[]

2

4

6

Scaling factor of infectivity in transmission matrix of high-risk/low-risk staff

Assumed

Incubation mean

[days]

5

5.5

6

Mean of incubation time

[14, 15]

Incubation SD

[days]

2.1

2.3

2.5

Standard deviation of incubation time

[14]

Infectivity heterogeneity

[]

1

1.5

1000

Heterogeneity in individual infectivity: Shape parameter of the Gamma-distribution

Derived from [16, 17]

Isolation fraction

[%/day]

50

70

90

Fraction of symptomatic individuals isolated daily

Assumed

Outside infection

[]

0.01

0.04

0.16

Scaling factor of infection risk outside of clinic

Assumed

Peak infectiousness

[days]

− 1

1

3

Time shift of peak infectiousness relative to symptom onset

[18]

Prevalence

[%]

0.005

0.02

0.08

COVID-19 prevalence in population including non-confirmed cases

Assumed

R0

[]

1.5

3

5

Average number of infections an individual causes inside of clinic

Assumed

Symptom mean

[days]

3.5

5

6.5

Mean of symptomatic infectious time

Derived from [19,20,21,22]

Symptom SD

[days]

1.1

1.5

1.9

Standard deviation of symptomatic infectious time

Derived from [19,20,21,22]

Test compliance

[%]

60

80

100

Fraction of individuals compliant with repeated surveillance testing

Assumed

Test sensitivity

[%]

80

90

100

Sensitivity of diagnostic test

Derived from [5, 23, 24]

Test specificity

[%]

98

99.5

100

Specificity of diagnostic test

Assumed

Tracing fraction

[%]

50

70

90

Fraction of infections reconstructed by contact tracing

Assumed