Table 4 Risk factors for poor outcome in patients with primary brain abscess

Age, years, n (%)

 < 40

3 (50.00)

3 (50.00)

6

2.305

0.328

0.365

 40–60

25 (78.13)

7 (21.87)

32

 > 60

15 (78.95)

4 (21.05)

19

Male n (%)

31 (73.81)

11 (26.19)

42

0.017

0.898

Symptom duration at admission* (days)

5.50

5.50

U = 264.50

0.575

Duration of hospitalization* (days)

30.00

21.00

U = 231.00

0.194

Adjacent site infection, n (%)

12 (92.31)

1 (7.69)

13

1.541

0.214

0.051

Comorbidities, n (%)

11 (73.30)

4 (26.70)

15

0.049

0.825

Headache, n (%)

26 (86.67)

4 (13.33)

30

4.309

0.038

0.037

6.010

1.114–32.407

Fever, n (%)

18 (69.23)

8 (30.77)

26

0.994

0.319

Confusion, n (%)

12 (66.67)

6 (33.33)

18

0.510

0.475

0.164

Hemiplegia, n (%)

18 (69.23)

8 (30.77)

26

0.994

0.319

Epilepsy

5 (62.50)

3 (37.50)

8

0.841

0.359

Aphasia

5 (71.43)

2 (28.57)

7

0.000

1.000

Increased WBC count

22 (73.33)

8 (26.67)

30

0.151

0.697

Number of abscesses

Single

31 (77.50)

9 (22.50)

40

0.048

0.827

Multiple

12 (70.59)

5 (29.41)

17

Abscess location, n (%)

Basal ganglia

1 (25)

3 (75)

4

6.82

0.313

Frontal lobe

22 (78.6)

6 (21.4)

28

Temporal lobe

12 (75)

4 (25)

16

Parietal lobe

11 (68.8)

5 (31.2)

16

Occipital lobe

6 (54.5)

5 (45.5)

11

Cerebellum

7 (77.8)

2 (22.2)

9

Brainstem

1 (50)

1 (50)

2

Abscess volume, n (%)

 < 1 cm³

6 (85.7)

1 (14.3)

7

1.258

0.620

 1–10 cm³

20 (80.0)

5 (20.0)

25

 > 10 cm³

17 (68.0)

8 (32.0)

25

Surgery, n (%)

 No

17 (65.38)

9 (34.62)

26

3.852

0.132

0.685

 Drainage

18 (78.26)

5 (21.74)

23

 Craniotomy

8 (100.00)

0

8