Tenosynovitis caused by Mycobacterium marseillense, initially identified as Mycobacterium avium complex using AccuProbe and COBAS TaqMan

Table 1 Human Infections with Mycobacterium marseillesnse

No.	Age	Sex	Country	Immunocompromising condition	Site of infection	Identification methods	Antibiotics therapy	Duration of therapy	Outcome	References
1	56	M	China	Systemic lupus erythematosus	Pneumonia	Gene Sequencing (16 S rRNA, ITS,hsp65)	None^a	Not documented	unknown	[6]
2	65	M	Italy	None	Pneumonia	Gene Sequencing (rpoB, ITS), Genotype CM/AS (misidentified as MIN)	1. RFP, INH, AMK 2. LVFX, TRD, AZM 3. EB, RFP, AZM	54 months^b	Cured	[7]
3	4	F	Italy	None	Lymphadenitis	Gene Sequencing (ITS),　Genotype CM	CAM, RFP + EB^c	6 months	Cured	[8]
4	59	F	China	None	Skin infection of face	Gene Sequencing (16 S rRNA, hsp65, rpoB)	1. RFP, INH, EB, PZA 2. CAM, RFP, EB 3. CAM, MFLX, AMK	15 months^d	Cured	[9]
5	73	M	US	Renal transplant due to polycystic kidney disease	Tenosynovitis of wrist	Not documented	AZM, EB, Rifabutin	6 months	Cured	[10]
6	85	M	Japan	None	Tenosynovitis of wrist	MALDI TOF-MS, Gene Sequencing (rpoB, hsp65), Accuprobe (positive for MAC)	1. CAM, EB, RFP 2. CAM, EB	5 months^e	Died from unrelated cause	This Study

M, male; F, female; RFP, rifampin; INH, isoniazid; AMK, amikacin; LVFX, levofloxacin; TRD, terizidone; AZM, azithromycin; EB, ethambutol; CAM, clarithromycin; MFLX, moxifloxacin
^aMacrolide and rifampin was planned but canceled due to an acute intracranial hemorrhage
^bRegimen 1 for 12 months, regimen 2 for 36 months, regimen 3 for 6 months
^cEthanbutol was later added due to delay of the surgical scar
^dRegimen 1 for 10 months, regimen 2 for 3 months, regimen 3 for 2 months
^e Regimen 1 for 2 months, regimen 2 for 3 months

ISSN: 1471-2334