Viral suppression among HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in northwestern Nigeria: an eleven-year review of tertiary care centre records, January 2009–December 2019

Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted binary logistic regression analysis of factors associated with Viral load suppression

Variables	Viral loads		Unadjusted			Adjusted
Variables	Suppressed (n = 751, %)	Unsuppressed (n = 80, %)	OR	95% CI	p	OR	95% CI	P
Age^a
18 to 35	258 (34.4)	29 (36.3)	1	0.606, 1.777	0.133	1	0.583, 1.906	0.861
36 to 45	277(36.9)	30 (37.5)	1.038	0.606, 1.777	0.133	1.054	0.583, 1.906	0.861
46 and older	216 (28.8)	21 (26.3)	1.156	0.641, 2.086	0.207	1.116	0.534, 2.332	0.771
Gender
Male	233 (31.0)	20 (25.0)	1	0.437, 1.258	0.267	1	0.358, 1.325	0.264
Female	518 (69.0)	60 (75.0)	0.741	0.437, 1.258	0.267	0.689	0.358, 1.325	0.264
Occupation
Employed	91 (12.1)	30 (37.5)	1	2.632, 7.196	< 0.001	1	2.771, 8.539	< 0.001
Unemployed	660 (87.9)	50 (62.5)	4.352	2.632, 7.196	< 0.001	4.864	2.771, 8.539	< 0.001
Educational status
No formal education	13 (1.7)	3 (3.8)	1	0.617, 7.932	0.223	1	1.098, 16.223	0.036
Formal education	738 (98.3)	77 (96.3)	2.212	0.617, 7.932	0.223	4.221	1.098, 16.223	0.036
Marital status
Unmarried	159 (21.2)	19 (23.8)	1	0.673, 1.998	0.593	–	–	–
Married	592 (78.8)	61 (76.3)	1.160	0.673, 1.998	0.593	–	–	–
BMI categories ≠
18.5 to 24.9	289 (38.5)	39 (48.8)	1	1.032, 3.969	0.040	1.839	0.908, 3.726	0.091
< 18.5	180 (24.0)	12 (15.0)	2.024	1.032, 3.969	0.040	1.839	0.908, 3.726	0.091
25 to 29.9	197 (26.2)	20 (25.0)	1.329	0.753, 2.347	0.327	1.385	0.748, 2.565	0.300
30 and above	85 (11.3)	9 (11.3)	1.275	0.594, 2.736	0.534	1.283	0.565, 2.917	0.551
Location^c
< 100 km	692 (92.1)	76 (95.0)	1	0.573, 4.583	0.363	–	–	–
≥ 100 km	59 (7.9)	4 (5.0)	1.620	0.573, 4.583	0.363	–	–	–

Variables included in the adjusted odds ratio were age, sex, occupation, educational status, BMI categories, baseline CD4 count, duration on HAART, and HAART regimens
^aAge at the commencement of Anti-retroviral therapy; HAART-Highly active anti-retroviral therapy, Reg-regimen; BMI-Body mass index; CDC classification^≠. ^cLocation of participants from FMC Katsina

ISSN: 1471-2334