Table 1 Clinical characteristics and comparison between survival and mortality of 71 AP patients with MDR-K. pneumoniae infections
Characteristics | Total | Survival (n = 38) | Mortality (n = 33) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 48.8 ± 12.7 | 49.5 ± 11.8 | 48.1 ± 13.6 | 0.632 |
Sex, n (%) | 0.571 | |||
 Male | 56 (78.9) | 29 (76.3) | 27 (81.8) |  |
 Female | 15 (21.1) | 9 (23.7) | 6 (18.2) |  |
Etiology, n (%) | 0.688 | |||
 Biliary | 30 (42.3) | 15 (39.5) | 15 (45.5) |  |
 Hypertriglyceridemia | 26 (36.6) | 14 (36.8) | 12 (36.4) |  |
  Alcohol | 3 (4.2) | 1 (2.6) | 2 (6.1) |  |
  Others | 12 (16.9) | 8 (21.1) | 4 (12.1) |  |
Classification of AP, n (%) | 0.003* | |||
 Moderately severe AP | 28 (39.4) | 21 (55.3) | 7 (21.2) |  |
 Severe AP | 43 (60.6) | 17 (44.7) | 26 (78.8) |  |
Primary site of infections, n (%) | 0.744 | |||
 Pancreas (peri) | 53 (74.6) | 29 (76.3) | 24 (72.7) |  |
 Bloodstream | 9 (12.7) | 4 (10.5) | 5 (15.2) |  |
 Lung | 8 (11.3) | 4 (10.5) | 4 (12.1) |  |
 Biliary tract | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.6) | 0 |  |
Multiple infected organisms or sites, n (%) | 57 (80.3) | 27 (71.1) | 30 (90.9) | 0.042* |
Concomitant infected bacteria | ||||
 Acinetobacter baumannii | 33 (46.5) | 16 (42.1) | 17 (51.5) | 0.428 |
 Klebsiella ozaenae | 14 (19.7) | 5 (13.2) | 9 (27.3) | 0.136 |
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 11 (15.5) | 7 (18.4) | 4 (12.1) | 0.464 |
 Burkholderia cepacia | 11 (15.5) | 4 (10.5) | 7 (21.2) | 0.215 |
 Escherichia coli | 8 (11.3) | 6 (15.8) | 2 (6.1) | 0.359 |
 Proteus mirabilis | 5 (7.0) | 4 (10.5) | 1 (3.0) | 0.363 |
 Enterobacter cloacae | 5 (7.0) | 1 (2.6) | 4 (12.1) | 0.176 |
Referred patient, n (%) | 63 (88.7) | 34 (89.5) | 29 (87.9) | 1.000 |
Time of infection from onset of AP, n (%) | 0.290 | |||
  < 14 days | 6 (8.5) | 5 (13.2) | 1 (3.0) |  |
 15–30 days | 29 (40.8) | 14 (36.8) | 15 (45.5) |  |
  > 30 days | 36 (50.7) | 19 (50.0) | 17 (51.5) |  |
Respiratory function, n (%) | 0.811 | |||
 Mild ARDS | 61 (85.9) | 33 (86.8) | 28 (84.8) |  |
 Severe and moderate ARDS | 10 (14.1) | 5 (13.2) | 5 (15.2) |  |
Sepsis shock, n (%) | 24 (33.8) | 4 (10.5) | 20 (60.6) |  < 0.001* |
Invasive mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 27 (38.0) | 7 (18.4) | 20 (60.6) |  < 0.001* |
Antibiotic therapy, n (%) | 0.386 | |||
 Carbapenem (high dose, extended infusion) | 25 (35.2) | 14 (36.8) | 11 (33.3) |  |
 Tigecycline | 6 (8.5) | 3 (7.9) | 3 (9.1) |  |
 Penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors | 6 (8.5) | 6 (15.8) | 0 |  |
 Quinolone | 4 (5.6) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (3.0) |  |
 Carbapenem and tigecycline | 21 (29.6) | 6 (15.8) | 15 (45.5) |  |
 Carbapenem and penicillins/β-lactamase inhibitors | 4 (5.6) | 4 (10.5) | 0 |  |
 Carbapenem and sulphonamides | 3 (4.2) | 1 (2.6) | 2 (6.1) |  |
 Polymyxins and fosfomycin | 2 (2.8) | 1 (2.6) | 1 (3.0) |  |
Hospitalization, days (mean ± SD) | 45.8 ± 28.8 | 41.2 ± 33.3 | 49.9 ± 24.1 | 0.214 |
Major complications, n (%) | ||||
 Hemorrhage | 23 (32.4) | 4 (10.5) | 19 (57.6) |  < 0.001* |
IÂ ntestinal leakage | 15 (21.1) | 5 (13.2) | 10 (30.3) | 0.078 |
 Pancreatic fistula | 8 (11.3) | 5 (13.2) | 3 (9.1) | 0.716 |