Table 1 Characteristics of pre-ART cohorts in Central Kenya between 2004 and 2014
| Â | Cohort year | Trend P value | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | 2004 (n = 254) | 2005 (n = 600) | 2006 (n = 1019) | 2007 (n = 2266) | 2008 (n = 2396) | 2009 (n = 1992) | 2010 (n = 1531) | 2011 (n = 1290) | 2012 (n = 1000) | 2013 (n = 820) | 2014 (n = 612) | |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.282 |
0–4 (n = 561) | 22 (8.7) | 45 (7.5) | 73 (7.2) | 125 (5.5) | 114 (4.8) | 59 (3.0) | 47 (3.1) | 31 (2.4) | 21 (2.1) | 17 (2.1) | 7 (1.1) |  |
5–9 (n = 552) | 27 (10.7) | 51 (8.5) | 84 (8.2) | 138 (6.1) | 79 (3.3) | 67 (3.4) | 43 (2.8) | 24 (1.9) | 20 (2.0) | 13 (1.6) | 6 (1.0) |  |
10–14 (n = 242) | 7 (2.8) | 15 (2.5) | 10 (1.0) | 38 (1.7) | 29 (1.2) | 44 (2.2) | 35 (2.3) | 18 (1.4) | 21 (2.1) | 8 (1.0) | 17 (2.8) |  |
15–19 (n = 316) | 4 (1.6) | 8 (1.3) | 12 (1.2) | 52 (2.3) | 44 (1.8) | 34 (1.7) | 45 (2.9) | 43 (3.3) | 26 (2.6) | 34 (4.1) | 14 (2.3) |  |
20–35 (n = 7303) | 113 (44.7) | 263 (43.8) | 491 (48.2) | 1191 (52.6) | 1315 (54.9) | 1093 (54.9) | 829 (54.1) | 698 (54.1) | 563 (56.3) | 436 (53.2) | 311 (50.8) |  |
36–50 (n = 3803) | 58 (22.9) | 176 (29.3) | 278 (27.3) | 572 (25.2) | 655 (27.3) | 562 (28.2) | 437 (28.5) | 376 (29.1) | 262 (26.2) | 229 (27.9) | 198 (32.4) |  |
51 and above (n = 1002) | 22 (8.7) | 42 (7.0) | 71 (7.0) | 150 (6.6) | 160 (6.7) | 133 (6.7) | 95 (6.2) | 100 (7.8) | 87 (8.7) | 83 (10.1) | 59 (9.6) |  |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.398 |
Female (n = 9551) | 160 (63.2) | 407 (67.8) | 676 (66.3) | 1593 (70.3) | 1699 (70.9) | 1362 (68.4) | 1063 (69.4) | 891 (69.1) | 705 (70.5) | 591 (72.1) | 404 (66.0) |  |
Male (n = 4228) | 93 (36.8) | 193 (32.2) | 343 (33.7) | 673 (29.7) | 697 (29.1) | 630 (31.6) | 468 (30.6) | 399 (30.9) | 295 (29.5) | 229 (27.9) | 208 (34.0) |  |
Marital status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
Divorced (n = 1899) | 16 (6.3) | 49 (8.2) | 86 (8.4) | 266 (11.7) | 291 (12.1) | 274 (13.8) | 271 (17.7) | 243 (18.8) | 142 (14.2) | 151 (18.4) | 110 (18.0) |  |
Married (n = 5881) | 54 (21.3) | 156 (26.0) | 345 (33.9) | 935 (41.3) | 1075 (44.9) | 914 (45.9) | 671 (43.8) | 601 (46.6) | 471 (47.1) | 395 (48.2) | 264 (43.1) |  |
Single (n = 3040) | 45 (17.8) | 122 (20.3) | 188 (18.4) | 474 (20.9) | 552 (23.0) | 457 (22.9) | 338 (22.1) | 251 (19.5) | 237 (23.7) | 200 (24.4) | 176 (28.8) |  |
Widowed (n = 1029) | 23 (9.1) | 45 (7.5) | 100 (9.8) | 207 (9.1) | 189 (7.9) | 130 (6.5) | 112 (7.3) | 87 (6.7) | 63 (6.3) | 36 (4.4) | 37 (6.0) |  |
Not indicated (n = 1930) | 115 (45.5) | 228 (38.0) | 300 (29.4) | 384 (16.9) | 289 (12.1) | 217 (10.9) | 139 (9.1) | 108 (8.4) | 87 (8.7) | 38 (4.6) | 25 (4.1) |  |
WHO stage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
Stage I (n = 4732) | 22 (8.7) | 89 (14.8) | 151 (14.8) | 585 (25.8) | 797 (33.3) | 706 (35.4) | 630 (41.1) | 566 (43.9) | 519 (51.9) | 403 (49.1) | 264 (43.1) |  |
Stage II (n = 3251) | 44 (17.4) | 108 (18.0) | 196 (19.2) | 561 (24.8) | 609 (25.4) | 481 (24.1) | 351 (22.9) | 311 (24.1) | 246 (24.6) | 193 (23.5) | 151 (24.7) |  |
Stage III (n = 2113) | 72 (28.5) | 152 (25.3) | 211 (20.7) | 414 (18.3) | 413 (17.2) | 290 (14.6) | 171 (11.2) | 126 (9.8) | 107 (10.7) | 91 (11.1) | 66 (10.8) |  |
Stage IV (n = 268) | 10 (4.0) | 16 (2.7) | 26 (2.6) | 38 (1.7) | 35 (1.5) | 42 (2.1) | 39 (2.5) | 23 (1.8) | 20 (2.0) | 12 (1.5) | 7 (1.1) |  |
Unstaged (n = 3415) | 105 (41.5) | 235 (39.2) | 435 (42.7) | 668 (29.5) | 542 (22.6) | 473 (23.7) | 340 (22.2) | 264 (20.5) | 108 (10.8) | 121 (14.8) | 124 (20.3) |  |
TB status |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
No signs (n = 10,760) | 148 (58.5) | 373 (62.2) | 670 (65.8) | 1578 (69.6) | 1810 (75.5) | 1601 (80.4) | 1299 (84.8) | 1123 (87.1) | 893 (89.3) | 734 (89.5) | 531 (86.8) |  |
On TB treatment (n = 943) | 21 (8.3) | 55 (9.2) | 88 (8.6) | 218 (9.6) | 202 (8.4) | 146 (7.3) | 85 (5.6) | 50 (3.9) | 28 (2.8) | 26 (3.2) | 24 (3.9) |  |
Presumptive TB (n = 595) | 12 (4.7) | 6 (1.0) | 28 (2.7) | 95 (4.2) | 130 (5.4) | 112 (5.6) | 71 (4.6) | 50 (3.9) | 38 (3.8) | 26 (3.2) | 27 (4.4) |  |
Not indicated (n = 1481) | 72 (28.5) | 166 (27.7) | 233 (22.9) | 375 (16.5) | 254 (10.6) | 133 (6.7) | 76 (5.0) | 67 (5.2) | 41 (4.1) | 34 (4.1) | 30 (4.9) |  |
CD4 category |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  < 0.001 |
0–250 (n = 778) | 21 (8.3) | 25 (4.2) | 148 (14.5) | 136 (6.0) | 109 (4.5) | 103 (5.2) | 80 (5.2) | 48 (3.7) | 51 (5.1) | 34 (4.1) | 23 (3.8) |  |
251–500 (n = 136) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.3) | 16 (1.6) | 22 (1.0) | 24 (1.0) | 16 (0.8) | 8 (0.5) | 15 (1.2) | 11 (1.1) | 10 (1.2) | 12 (2.0) |  |
Above 500 (n = 43) | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 14 (1.4) | 9 (0.4) | 9 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 5 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |  |
No CD4 test (n = 12,822) | 230 (90.9) | 573 (95.5) | 841 (82.5) | 2099 (92.6) | 2254 (94.1) | 1872 (94.0) | 1438 (93.9) | 1227 (95.1) | 935 (93.5) | 776 (94.6) | 577 (94.3) |  |