Variables, number (%) | Requiring oxygen (N = 8) | Non-requiring oxygen (N = 77) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, year (mean ± standard deviation) | 73.6 ± 16.1 | 45.9 ± 15.1 | < 0.001 |
Male gender | 4 (50.0) | 40 (51.9) | 0.999 |
Co-morbidities | |||
Cardio-pulmonary diseases | 5 (62.5) | 20 (26.0) | 0.045 |
Endocrine diseases | 3 (37.5) | 10 (13.0) | 0.100 |
Neurological diseases | 4 (50.0) | 6 (7.8) | 0.006 |
Other diseases | 4 (50.0) | 16 (20.8) | 0.084 |
Delayed admission ≥ 3 days | 4 (50.0) | 55 (71.4) | 0.241 |
Initial symptom | |||
Asymptomatic | 0 (0) | 3 (3.9) | 0.999 |
General (fever, chill, and myalgia) | 7 (87.5) | 55 (71.4) | 0.439 |
Upper respiratory (sore throat, rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion) | 0 (0) | 22 (28.6) | 0.105 |
Lower respiratory (cough, sputum, dyspnea, and chest discomfort) | 1 (12.5) | 21 (27.3) | 0.674 |
Others | 1 (12.5) | 6 (7.8) | 0.513 |
Initial laboratory findings median (IQR) | |||
White blood cells, 109/L | 6.6 (4.42–13.8) | 5 (4.15–6.45) | 0.268 |
Lymphocyte, % | 22.65 (7–33.52) | 29.2 (22–35.5) | 0.155 |
Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio | 3.04 (1.61–13.09) | 2.05(1.46–2.97) | 0.157 |
C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 6.67 (2.04–9.47) | 0.39 (0.14–1.12) | 0.001 |
Procalcitonin, mg/dL | 0.28 (0.04–0.68) | 0.04 (0.03–0.05) | 0.004 |
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 420 (317.25–532) | 254 (215.5–309.5) | 0.001 |
Ferritin, μg/L | 634.86 (300.08–2482.79) | 173.67 (85.13–364.48) | 0.002 |