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Table 2 Continuous variables and risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19

From: Predictors of mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Variables

No. of patients (studies)

MD (95% Cl)

P value

I2 (%)

P value of Egger test

Age, years

1829 (8)

13.9 [8.95, 18.9]

<  0.001

89

0.20

Time from illness onset to hospital admission, days

1036 (6)

0.62 [− 0.04, 1.27]

0.07

0

0.20

Respiratory rate, breaths per min

922 (5)

2.94 [1.10, 4.79]

0.002

70

0.84

Heart rate, beat per min

974 (6)

3.91 [1.09, 6.72]

0.006

9

0.28

Partial pressure of oxygen, mm Hg

358 (3)

−28.7 [−52.7, −4.65]

0.02

89

0.46

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, mm Hg

358 (3)

−5.03 [−6.95, −3.12]

<  0.001

0

0.36

Peripheral oxygen saturation

491 (3)

−7.45 [−15.9, 0.96]

0.08

96

0.52

Partial pressure of oxygen: fraction of inspired oxygen

410 (4)

−122.6 [− 198.2, −47.0]

0.001

92

0.12

Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score

77 (2)

3.86 [1.90, 5.81]

<  0.001

0

Not available

Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score

216 (2)

3.48 [3.06, 3.90]

<  0.001

0

Not available

Laboratory findings

 White blood cell count, ×109/L

1178 (7)

3.53 [2.53, 4.54]

<  0.001

48

0.61

 Neutrophil count, ×109/L

1178 (7)

3.86 [2.74, 4.99]

<  0.001

61

0.32

 Lymphocyte count, ×109/L

1178 (7)

−0.34 [−0.47, − 0.21]

<  0.001

78

0.18

 Monocyte count, ×109/L

919 (4)

−0.06 [− 0.11, − 0.01]

0.02

62

0.95

 Platelet count, ×109/L

1029 (5)

−34.0 [−57.1, −10.9]

0.004

59

0.44

 Hemoglobin, g/L

829 (4)

0.54 [−2.49, 3.58]

0.73

8

0.32

 Albumin, g/L

694 (5)

−4.05 [−6.51, −1.59]

0.001

87

0.51

 Total bilirubin, μmol/L

639 (4)

4.01 [3.04, 4.99]

<  0.001

0

0.12

 Alanine aminotransferase, U/L

1178 (7)

3.58 [−0.72, 7.87]

0.10

60

0.43

 Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L

1153 (6)

14.8 [9.56, 20.1]

<  0.001

57

0.68

 Creatinine, μmol/L

1178 (7)

18.0 [10.1, 25.9]

<  0.001

64

0.42

 Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L

419 (2)

3.94 [1.97, 5.90]

<  0.001

80

Not available

 Urea, mmol/L

500 (2)

3.41 [1.81, 5.02]

<  0.001

71

Not available

 Prothrombin time, seconds

1273 (5)

0.98 [0.74, 1.22]

<  0.001

0

0.68

 Activated partial thromboplastin time, seconds

953 (4)

−0.47 [−3.31, 2.37]

0.75

91

0.71

 D-dimer, mg/L

1353 (7)

5.26 [3.58, 6.93]

<  0.001

31

0.92

 C-reactive protein, mg/L

1178 (7)

55.9 [27.3, 84.5]

<  0.001

92

0.39

 Procalcitonin, ng/mL

1029 (6)

0.27 [0.14, 0.40]

<  0.001

76

0.27

 Ferritin, μg/L

435 (2)

912.1 [705.2, 1119.0]

<  0.001

25

Not available

 Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L

829 (4)

225.6 [153.8, 297.3]

<  0.001

81

0.45

 Creatine kinase, U/L

1029 (6)

59.3 [26.2, 92.5]

<  0.001

75

0.66

 γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, U/L

453 (2)

4.91 [−16.5, 26.4]

0.65

92

Not available

 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h

490 (3)

9.01 [3.85, 14.2]

<  0.001

0

0.58

 Creatine kinase-MB, U/L

670 (4)

3.11 [0.84, 5.37]

0.007

74

0.17

 N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, pg/mL

476 (2)

865.7 [690.2, 1041.2]

<  0.001

0

Not available

 Hypersensitive cardiac troponin I, ng/mL

804 (3)

68.6 [29.3, 107.9]

<  0.001

87

0.32

 Myoglobin, ng/mL

381 (2)

170.2 [91.4, 249.1]

<  0.001

0

Not available

 Cystatin C, mg/L

186 (2)

0.28 [0.15, 0.42]

<  0.001

0

Not available

 Interleukin-6, pg/mL

974 (5)

47.8 [10.6, 85.0]

0.01

96

0.09

 CD3+ cell count, /μL

306 (2)

− 315.1 [− 362.2, − 268.0]

<  0.001

0

Not available

 CD4+ cell count, /μL

645 (3)

− 168.5 [− 196.1, −140.8]

<  0.001

20

0.02

    CD8+ cell count, /μL

645 (3)

−116.3 [− 139.2, −93.5]

<  0.001

47

0.62