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Table 1 Characteristics for hospitalised patients with Gram-negative UTIs according to presence of bacteraemia and carbapenem resistance

From: Burden of illness in US hospitals due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative urinary tract infections in patients with or without bacteraemia

Characteristic

Overall, N = 47,496

With bacteraemia, n = 11,629

Without bacteraemia, n = 35,867

CR, n = 2076

CS, n = 45,420

P value

CR, n = 201

CS, n = 11,428

P value

CR, n = 1875

CS, n = 33,992

P value

Age, years

Mean (SD)

69.1 (15.36)

68.9 (16.7)

0.563

68.6 (14.88)

68.34 (15.88)

0.816

69.15 (15.41)

69.09 (16.91)

0.859

Median (Q1–Q3)

71 (61.0–81.0)

72 (60.0–82.0)

0.335

70 (63.0–80.0)

70 (59.0–81.0)

0.962

71 (60.0–81.0)

72 (60.0–83.0)

0.111

Minimum, Maximum

18, 89

18, 89

 

19, 89

18, 89

 

18, 89

18, 89

 

Sex, n (%)

Female

968 (46.6)

30,479 (67.1)

< 0.001

77 (38.3)

6679 (58.4)

< 0.001

891 (47.5)

23,800 (70.0)

< 0.001

Male

1108 (53.4)

14,941 (32.9)

 

124 (61.7)

4749 (41.6)

 

984 (52.5)

10,192 (30.0)

 

Race, n (%)

White

1597 (76.9)

33,861 (74.6)

< 0.001

155 (77.1)

8190 (71.7)

0.073

1442 (76.9)

25,671 (75.5)

0.004

Black

319 (15.4)

6570 (14.5)

 

31 (15.4)

1706 (14.9)

 

288 (15.4)

4864 (14.3)

 

Other

151 (7.3)

4527 (10.0)

 

15 (7.5)

1388 (12.1)

 

136 (7.3)

3139 (9.2)

 

Unable to determine

9 (0.4)

462 (1.0)

 

0 (0.0)

144 (1.3)

 

9 (0.5)

318 (0.9)

 

Admission source, n (%)

Non-healthcare facility point of origin

1481 (71.3)

34,750 (76.5)

< 0.001

136 (67.7)

9133 (79.9)

< 0.001

1345 (71.7)

25,617 (75.4)

0.002

Transfer from other facility/hospital

214 (10.3)

3970 (8.7)

 

19 (9.5)

720 (6.3)

 

195 (10.4)

3250 (9.6)

 

Transfer from SNF/ intermediate care facility (clinic)

308 (14.8)

5499 (12.1)

 

37 (18.4)

1217 (10.7)

 

271 (14.5)

4282 (12.6)

 

Other/unavailable

73 (3.5)

1201 (2.6)

 

9 (4.5)

358 (3.1)

 

64 (3.4)

843 (2.5)

 

Admission type, n (%)

Elective

154 (7.4)

2844 (6.3)

< 0.001

13 (6.5)

379 (3.3)

0.015

141 (7.5)

2465 (7.3)

0.022

Emergency

1664 (80.2)

38,227 (84.2)

 

166 (82.6)

10,233 (89.5)

 

1498 (79.9)

27,994 (82.4)

 

Trauma centre

8 (0.4)

191 (0.4)

 

0 (0.0)

17 (0.2)

 

8 (0.4)

174 (0.5)

 

Urgent

245 (11.8)

4042 (8.9)

 

22 (10.9)

781 (6.8)

 

223 (11.9)

3261 (9.6)

 

Information not available

5 (0.2)

116 (0.3)

 

0 (0.0)

18 (0.2)

 

5 (0.3)

98 (0.3)

 

Baseline CCI Score

Mean (SD)

3.5 (2.6)

2.9 (2.5)

< 0.001

3.3 (2.7)

2.7 (2.5)

0.002

4.0 (2.6)

3.0 (2.5)

< 0.001

Median (Q1–Q3)

3 (2.0–5.0)

2 (1.0–4.0)

< 0.001

3 (2.0–5.0)

2 (1.0–4.0)

0.001

3 (2.0–5.0)

2 (1.0–4.0)

< 0.001

Minimum, Maximum

0, 15

0, 18

 

0, 13

0, 17

 

0, 15

0, 18

 

Total number of patients with at least one comorbidity, n (%)

1874 (90)

38,176 (84)

< 0.001

174 (87)

9378 (82)

0.098

1700 (91)

28,798 (85)

< 0.001

Baseline Charlson comorbidities, n (%)

Renal disease

783 (37.7)

13,423 (29.6)

< 0.001

76 (37.8)

3387 (29.6)

0.012

707 (37.7)

10,036 (29.5)

< 0.001

Chronic pulmonary disease

680 (32.8)

12,712 (28.0)

< 0.001

47 (23.4)

2554 (22.4)

0.727

633 (33.8)

10,158 (29.9)

< 0.001

Congestive heart failure

651 (31.4)

12,161 (26.8)

< 0.001

48 (23.9)

2544 (22.3)

0.584

603 (32.2)

9617 (28.3)

< 0.001

Peripheral vascular disease

277 (13.3)

4680 (10.3)

< 0.001

18 (9.0)

911 (8.0)

0.610

259 (13.8)

3769 (11.1)

< 0.001

Cerebrovascular disease

248 (12.0)

4771 (10.5)

0.037

21 (10.5)

847 (7.4)

0.104

227 (12.1)

3924 (11.5)

0.458

Myocardial infarction

222 (10.7)

5284 (11.6)

0.191

21 (10.5)

1392 (12.2)

0.456

201 (10.7)

3892 (11.4)

0.333

Diabetes without chronic complication

681 (32.8)

15,043 (33.1)

0.765

62 (30.9)

3913 (34.2)

0.314

619 (33.0)

11,130 (32.7)

0.808

Diabetes with chronic complication

289 (13.9)

4996 (11.0)

< 0.001

21 (10.5)

1217 (10.7)

0.927

268 (14.3)

3779 (11.1)

< 0.001

Mild liver disease

121 (5.8)

2916 (6.4)

0.281

10 (5.0)

870 (7.6)

0.161

111 (5.9)

2046 (6.0)

0.861

Moderate or severe liver disease

52 (2.5)

930 (2.1)

0.152

7 (3.5)

240 (2.1)

0.178

45 (2.4)

690 (2.0)

0.271

Dementia

272 (13.1)

5333 (11.7)

0.060

25 (12.4)

1205 (10.5)

0.387

247 (13.2)

4128 (12.1)

0.185

Hemiplegia or paraplegia

330 (15.9)

2469 (5.4)

< 0.001

29 (14.4)

413 (3.6)

0.000

301 (16.1)

2056 (6.1)

< 0.001

Rheumatic disease

85 (4.1)

1987 (4.4)

0.541

8 (4.0)

489 (4.3)

0.835

77 (4.1)

1498 (4.4)

0.537

Peptic ulcer disease

33 (1.6)

793 (1.8)

0.594

3 (1.5)

156 (1.4)

0.877

30 (1.6)

637 (1.9)

0.393

Any malignancy

209 (10.1)

4548 (10.0)

0.936

23 (11.4)

1170 (10.2)

0.577

186 (9.9)

3378 (9.9)

0.980

Metastatic solid tumour

111 (5.4)

1967 (4.3)

0.027

11 (5.5)

484 (4.2)

0.389

100 (5.3)

1483 (4.4)

0.046

AIDS/HIV

6 (0.3)

158 (0.4)

0.655

2 (1.0)

49 (0.4)

0.228

4 (0.2)

109 (0.3)

0.419

  1. AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, CR Carbapenem resistant, CS Carbapenem susceptible, HIV Human immune-deficiency virus, SD Standard deviation, SNF Skilled nursing facility, UTI Urinary tract infection