Table 3 Most common statistically significant risk factors identified from all studies and large studies
Risk factor | Number of times reported as statistically significant | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Initial CDI | rCDI | |||
All studies | Large studies | All studies | Large studies | |
Age | 19 | 16 | 11 | 6 |
Antibiotic use | 18 | 13 | 6 | 3 |
Recent hospitalisation | 11 | 8 | 3 | 3 |
Female | 9 | 8 | NA | NA |
PPI use | 7 | 7 | 5 | 2 |
Feeding tube | 6 | 5 | NA | NA |
LTCF resident | 5 | 4 | NA | NA |
Malignant disease | 5 | 3 | NA | 2 |
Diabetes | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
Heart disease | 4 | 3 | NA | 2 |
Steroid use | 4 | NA | NA | NA |
Charlson comorbidity index | NA | 3 | 4 | 2 |
Antibiotic risk index | NA | 3 | NA | NA |
Ulcer | NA | 3 | NA | NA |
Inflammatory bowel disease | NA | 3 | NA | NA |
Leukocyte count | NA | NA | 6 | 3 |
Hospital length of stay | NA | NA | 4 | 3 |
Anti-acid medication use | NA | NA | 3 | NA |
ICU admission | NA | NA | 3 | 2 |