Fig. 1

Flowchart. Flowchart of the study population. Adult patients tested in the regional referral laboratory of St. Olavs hospital and followed up in hospitals comprised by the health region of Central Norway were included in the final study population. Recruitment of alive patients required active consent in accordance with the resolution of the regional ethical committee. Molde hospital, a local hospital in the health region, established PCR detection for P. jirovecii too in 2017. Individuals resulting positive there were included in the regional incidence estimates for 2017, but not in the study population. PCR, polymerase chain reaction