Table 1 Maternal characteristics between HBV carriers and non-carriers with singleton pregnancies delivering at/beyond 28 completed weeks of gestation

Age (years)

29.6 ± 4.4

29.7 ± 4.3

–

≥35 years (%)

13.2

13.6

0.971 (0.856–1.103)

Height (cm)

159.9 ± 4.9

160.1 ± 5.3

–

Weight pre-pregnant (kg)

53.2 ± 8.0

53.5 ± 8.0

–

Weight pre-delivery (kg)

67.8 ± 8.4

67.7 ± 8.7

–

Gestational weight gain (kg)

14.5 ± 4.9

14.3 ± 4.9

–

Body mass index (kg/m²)

20.8 ± 3.0

20.8 ± 2.9

–

Overweight/obese (%)

12.6

12.8

0.987 (0.867–1.124)

Nulliparity (%)

73.1

76.1

0.963 (0.935–0.992)

Previous miscarriage ≥1 (%)

1.3

1.0

1.260 (0.817–1.945)

Previous abortion ≥1 (%)

12.9

12.5

1.038 (0.913–1.183)

Previous cesarean delivery (%)^a

42.4

45.8

0.927 (0.829–1.036)

Pregnancy by ART (%)

1.2

0.7

1.595 (1.008–2.524)

Tertiary education (%)

43.3

52.2

0.829 (0.784–0.827)