Table 1 Characteristics of the patients with tetanus according to the mechanical ventilation required
From: Clinical outcomes and healthcare costs of inpatients with tetanus in Korea, 2011–2019
Factors | Total (n = 49) | No mechanical ventilation (n = 17) | Mechanical ventilation (n = 32) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
General characteristics | ||||
Women, n (%) | 32 (57.1%) | 11 (64.7%) | 21 (65.6%) | 0.949 |
Median age, years [IQR] | 67.0 [53.0; 80.0] | 53.0 [46.0;67.0] | 72.5 [59.0;82.0] | 0.002 |
Median incubation time, days [IQR] | 5.0 [1.5–7.5] | 2.0 [1.0–6.0] | 6.0 [3.0–8.0] | 0.237 |
Median duration from symptom onset to admission, days [IQR] | 4.0 [2.0–9.0] | 4.0 [2.0–6.5] | 7.0 [5.0–1.5] | 0.120 |
Wound operation | 6 (12.2%) | 3 (18.8%) | 3 (12.5%) | 0.928 |
Comorbidity, n (%) | ||||
Hypertension | 16 (32.7%) | 3 (17.6%) | 13 (40.6%) | 0.189 |
Diabetes mellitus | 11 (22.4%) | 3 (17.6%) | 8 (25.0%) | 0.820 |
Malignancy | 8 (16.3%) | 5 (29.4%) | 3 (9.4%) | 0.161 |
Others | 17 (34.7%) | 4 (23.5%) | 13 (40.6%) | 0.378 |
Site of entry, n (%) | 0.314 | |||
Legs | 12 (24.5%) | 5 (29.4%) | 7 (21.9%) | |
Arms | 11 (22.4%) | 5 (29.4%) | 6 (18.8%) | |
Face | 7 (14.3%) | 7 (15.9%) | 0 | |
Trunk | 7 (14.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (21.9%) | |
Cryptogenic | 17 (34.7%) | 6 (35.3%) | 11 (34.4%) | |
Symptom during hospitalization, n (%) | ||||
Trismus | 42 (85.7%) | 14 (82.4%) | 28 (87.5%) | 0.951 |
Muscle stiffness | 36 (73.5%) | 7 (41.2%) | 29 (90.6%) | 0.001 |
Swallowing difficulty | 33 (67.3%) | 9 (52.9%) | 24 (75.0%) | 0.212 |
Dysarthria | 32 (65.3%) | 11 (64.7%) | 21 (65.6%) | 1.000 |
Opisthotonos | 11 (22.4%) | 2 (11.8%) | 9 (28.1%) | 0.344 |
Seizure | 11 (22.4%) | 2 (11.8%) | 9 (28.1%) | 0.344 |
Fever | 25 (51.0%) | 5 (29.4%) | 20 (62.5%) | 0.057 |
Nausea and vomiting | 2 (4.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | 1 (3.1%) | 1.000 |
Sialorrhea | 2 (4.1%) | – | 2 (6.2%) | 0.769 |
Dyspnea | 28 (57.1%) | 5 (29.4%) | 23 (71.9%) | 0.011 |
Autonomic dysfunction | 43 (87.8%) | 11 (64.7%) | 32 (100%) | 0.002 |