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Table 3 A summary of urine markers, clinical complications, and ultrasound findings of children with AP

From: Clinical manifestations, laboratory markers, and renal ultrasonographic examinations in 1-month to 12-year-old Iranian children with pyelonephritis: a six-year cross-sectional retrospective study

Findings

Observed

Non-observed

Frequency (n)

Percentage (%)

Frequency (n)

Percentage (%)

Urine marker

 Pyuria

92

88.46

12

11.54

 Hematuria

40

38.46

64

61.54

 Positive nitrite

47

45.19

57

54.81

Clinical complication

 Abdominal pain

35

33.65

69

66.35

 Constipation

21

20.19

83

79.81

 Dysuria

30

28.84

74

71.16

 Vomiting

42

40.38

62

59.62

Ultrasound

 Hydronephrosis

22

21.15

82

78.85

 Cystitis

9

8.65

95

91.35

 Stone

0

0.00

104

100

 Anomaly

2

1.92

102

98.08