Table 1 The demographic, clinical, and initial laboratory parameters of the patients
Parameters | Non-survivor (n = 75) | Survivor (n = 634) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, mean ± SD | 69 ± 14 | 55 ± 15 | < 0.001† |
Sex (Female), n (%) | 31 (41) | 295 (47) | 0.393ǂ |
Age group, n (%) | < 0.001ǂ | ||
19–54 | 10 (13) | 327 (52) | |
55–64 | 19 (25) | 149 (24) | |
65–74 | 20 (27) | 85 (13) | |
≥ 75 | 26 (35) | 73 (12) | |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 29 (39) | 143 (23) | 0.002ǂ |
Diabetes Mellitus | 19 (25) | 73 (12) | 0.001ǂ |
Cancer | 24 (32) | 24 (4) | < 0.001ǂ |
Heart failure | 11 (15) | 21 (3) | < 0.001ǂ |
Asthma/COPD | 11 (15) | 58 (9) | 0.127ǂ |
Coronary artery disease | 9 (12) | 42 (7) | 0.088ǂ |
Chronic renal failure | 11 (15) | 19 (3) | < 0.001ǂ |
Symptoms, n (%) | |||
Fever | 21 (28) | 212 (33) | 0.343ǂ |
Cough | 16 (21) | 280 (44) | < 0.001ǂ |
Dyspnea | 36 (48) | 181 (29) | 0.001ǂ |
SpO2 at admission, n (%) | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≥ 95% | 16 (22) | 375 (63) | |
89–94% | 32 (44) | 182 (30) | |
≤ 88% | 25 (34) | 41 (7) | |
Initial laboratory results, n (%) | |||
HCT | < 0.001ǂ | ||
> 35% | 24 (32) | 472 (75) | |
≤ 35% | 50 (68) | 160 (25) | |
NLR | < 0.001ǂ | ||
< 2.95 | 12 (17) | 362 (57) | |
≥ 2.95 | 60 (83) | 272 (43) | |
CRP | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 50 mg/L | 13 (18) | 439 (69) | |
> 50 - < 100 mg/L | 14 (19) | 108 (17) | |
≥ 100 mg/L | 47 (64) | 86 (14) | |
Urea | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 40 mg/dL | 26 (35) | 493 (78) | |
> 40 - < 75 mg/dL | 24 (32) | 110 (17) | |
≥ 75 mg/dL | 24 (32) | 30 (5) | |
Creatinine | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 1.5 mg/dL | 52 (70) | 585 (92) | |
> 1.5 - < 3 mg/dL | 10 (14) | 40 (6) | |
≥ 3 mg/dL | 12 (16) | 8 (1) | |
AST | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 40 IU/L | 37 (49) | 530 (84) | |
> 40 - < 80 IU/L | 17 (23) | 87 (14) | |
≥ 80 IU/L | 21 (28) | 17 (3) | |
ALT | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 40 IU/L | 50 (68) | 534 (84) | |
> 40 - < 80 IU/L | 14 (19) | 76 (12) | |
≥ 80 IU/L | 10 (14) | 24 (4) | |
Ferritin | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 400 ng/mL | 17 (26) | 446 (73) | |
> 400 - < 1000 ng/mL | 16 (24) | 123 (20) | |
≥ 1000 ng/mL | 33 (50) | 45 (7) | |
LDH | < 0.001ǂ | ||
≤ 400 IU/L | 37 (49) | 561 (89) | |
> 400 - < 700 IU/L | 26 (35) | 62 (10) | |
≥ 700 IU/L | 12 (16) | 10 (2) | |
Fibrinogen | 0.030ǂ | ||
≤ 400 mg/dL | 19 (27) | 252 (43) | |
> 400 - < 750 mg/dL | 43 (61) | 294 (50) | |
≥ 750 mg/dL | 8 (11) | 41 (7) | |
D-dimer | < 0.001§ | ||
≤ 4 mg/L | 47 (65) | 590 (96) | |
> 4 - < 7 mg/L | 8 (11) | 12 (2) | |
≥ 7 mg/L | 17 (24) | 16 (3) | |