Fig. 4

Neuropathological autopsy findings. Oedematous swelling with sulcal effacement and signs of transtentorial and tonsillar herniation (a). Symmetrical, though remarkably compressed ventricular system reflecting the increased intracranial pressure (b). Histological examination showed lymphocytic meningoencephalitis with marked perivascular and intraparenchymal lymphocyte infiltration (c). The infiltrates are primarily composed of CD3-positive T-lymphocytes (d). Numerous infected neurons demonstrated by HSV-1 immunohistochemistry (e). Magnification (c)-(e): 20x; Scale bar: 50 μm