Table 1 Summary characteristics of patients with isolated orbital Mucormycosis
| Â | Yeara | Age | Sex | The onset of symptoms PTA | Clinical features | Ophthal. exam | Concurrent sinusitis | Diagnostic approach 1 | Predisposing factors | Treatment strategy | Treatment duration | Surgical debridement | Follow-up and outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Our case series | |||||||||||||
 1 | 2017 | 7/M | F | 6/W | Dacryocystitis + Periorbital cellulitis | Left conjunctival injection and firm fixed mass on the inferomedial aspect of the left canthus | Yes | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH, molecular confirmation | Gardening | DAmB (1.5 mg/kg/day)/ LAmB (5 mg/kg/day) | 8/W | Orbitotomy+ debulking (three times) | 3/Y, Complete cure |
 2 | 2017 | 9/M | F | 1/W | Dacryocystitis + Periorbital cellulitis | Peri-orbital edema, and erythema extended to the superior side of the right medial canthus | Yes | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH, molecular confirmation | Trauma (nasolacrimal duct probing) | DAmB (1.5 mg/kg/day)/ LAmB (5 mg/kg/day) | 9/W | Orbitotomy+ debulking (two times) | 3/Y, Complete cure |
 3 | 2018 | 18/M | M | 4/W | Orbital cellulitis | Right eye proptosis, purulent discharge, and peri-orbital swelling and redness | Yes | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH, molecular confirmation | Not identified | LAmB (5 mg/kg/day)/ PSC 2 (200 mg/q 6 h) | 17/W | Orbitotomy+ debulking (five times) | 2/Y, Complete cure |
 4 | 2019 | 10/M | M | 1/W | Periorbital cellulitis | Right peri-orbital erythema and swelling | No | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH, molecular confirmation | Not identified | DAmB (1.5 mg/kg/day)/ LAmB (5 mg/kg/day)/PSC (200 mg/q 6 h) | 12/W | Orbitotomy+ debulking | 9/M, Complete cure |
 5 | 2019 | 3/Y | M | 6/W | Periorbital cellulitis | Left sub-orbital swelling | No | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH, molecular confirmation | Frequent exposure to corn and fodder storage and hay | DAmB (1.5 mg/kg/day)/ LAmB (5 mg/kg/day)/ PSC (200 mg/q 6 h) | 12/W | Orbitotomy+ debulking (four times) | 5/M, Complete cure |
Previous case reports | |||||||||||||
 6 | 2012 [8] | 2/Y | M | 18/days | Periorbital cellulitis | NA | Pathology, fungal culture, KOH | Not reported | DAmB, ICZ | 6/M | Anterior orbitotomy and debulking | 2/Y, Complete cure | |
 7 | 1951 [9] | 10/Y | M | NA | Exudative retinitis | NA | Pathology | Coat’s disease | NA | NA | Enucleation | NA | |
 8 | 2009 [10] | 71 | M | 1/day | Orbital cellulitis | NA | Pathology | Diabetes mellitus, non-Hodgkin lymphoma of diffuse large B-cell (DLCBL) | LAmB, PSC | About 40/days | Extensive surgical debridement | Death | |
 9 | 2014 [11] | 13 | M | 3/W | Periorbital cellulitis | NA | Pathology | Gardening, immunocompetent, concurrent corticosteroid therapy for approximately 1/M | DAmB | 26/days | Orbital exenteration | Cure with morbidity | |