Table 1 Characteristics of pulmonary TB cases stratified according to glycemic status
Characteristics | n/N | TBDM | TBpreDM | Normoglycemic | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n = 19 | n = 42 | n = 75 | |||
Age (years)-median (IQR) | 136/136 | 46.41 (33.5–54.8) | 39.8 (26.7–54.0) | 26.4 (22.3–34.7) | < 0.01 |
Gender | 136/136 | 0.354 | |||
Male | 136/136 | 9 (47.4) | 27 (64.3) | 47 (62.7) | |
Female | 136/136 | 10 (52.6) | 15 (35.7) | 28 (37.3) | |
Prior TB | 136/136 | 5 (26.3) | 8 (19.0) | 10 (13.3) | 0.158 |
BCG vaccination | 135/136 | 17 (89.5) | 38 (92.7) | 71 (94.7) | 0.411 |
Smoking | 135/136 | 4 (21.1) | 10 (24.4) | 15 (20.0) | 0.767 |
Smokers at home | 135/136 | 2 (10.5) | 4 (9.8) | 5 (6.7) | 0.499 |
Cannabis use | 135/136 | 1 (5.3) | 7 (17.1) | 13 (17.3) | 0.283 |
Illicit drug use | 135/136 | 2 (10.5) | 7 (17.1) | 8 (10.7) | 0.707 |
Alcohol use | 135/136 | 4 (21.1) | 29 (70.7) | 37 (49.3) | 0.348 |
Hypertension | 135/136 | 4 (21.1) | 3 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.01 |
Asthma | 135/136 | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.3) | 5 (6.7) | 0.399 |
Renal disease | 135/136 | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.7) | 0.844 |
Slow scarring | 135/136 | 3 (15.8) | 9 (22.0) | 7 (9.3) | 0.186 |
Metformin use | 132/136 | 7 (36.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | < 0.01 |
BMI (kg/m2)-median (IQR) | 132/136 | 22.3 (21.4–26.4) | 23.2 (21.2–25.1) | 22.3 (20.3–25.4) | 0.749 |
Waist circumference (cm) -median (IQR) | 132/136 | 85 (81–89) | 88 (80–91) | 83 (76–88) | 0.058 |
Hb (g/dL) -median (IQR) | 134/136 | 9.9 (7.6–13.4) | 12.0 (10.8–13.1) | 12.6 (11.3–13.4) | |
Anemia | 136/136 | 19 (100) | 31 (73.8) | 49 (66.2) | 0.006 |
FPG (mg /dL) -median (IQR) | 136/136 | 218.9 (147.7–298.1) | 103.1 (100.4–106.3) | 89.7 (85.6–93.9) | < 0.01 |
HbA1c (%)-median (IQR) | 134/136 | 10.8 (7.4–13.5) | 5.1 (4.8–5.5) | 5.00 (4.6–5.1) | < 0.01 |
OGTT (mg/dL) -median (IQR) | 112/136 | 119.5 (119.5–119.5) | 128.5 (106.5–157.1) | 105.2 (85.8–121.4) | < 0.01 |
AFB smear | 135/136 | 0.004 | |||
Negative | 5 (26.3) | 15 (35.7) | 40 (54.1) | ||
1+ | 3 (15.8) | 9 (21.4) | 15 (20.3) | ||
2+ | 3 (15.8) | 6 (14.3) | 6 (8.1) | ||
3+ | 7 (36.8) | 10 (23.8) | 11 (14.9) | ||
Scanty | 1 (5.3) | 2 (4.8) | 2 (2.7) | ||
L-J culture | 131/136 | 0.59 | |||
Negative | 4 (21.1) | 9 (22.5) | 25 (34.2) | ||
1+ | 12 (63.2) | 18 (45.0) | 33 (45.2) | ||
2+ | 2 (10.5) | 4 (10.0) | 3 (4.2) | ||
3+ | 0 (0.0) | 4 (10.0) | 3 (4.2) | ||
colonies | 1 (5.3) | 5 (12.5) | 8 (11.1) | ||
BD MGIT™ 960 System | 78/136 | 0.11 | |||
Positive | 8 (80.0) | 22 (81.5) | 34 (82.9) | ||
Negative | 2 (20.7) | 5 (18.5) | 7 (17.1) | ||
MDR | 76/136 | 2 (18.2) | 3 (12.5) | 4 (9.8) | 0.451 |
Isoniazid-resistant | 76/136 | 2 (18.2) | 5 (20.8) | 7 (17.1) | 0.831 |
Rifampicin-resistant | 76/136 | 2 (18.2) | 4 (16.7) | 5 (12.2) | 0.55 |
TB treatment outcome | 115/136 | 0.64 | |||
Poor | 5 (27.8) | 8 (23.5) | 14 (22.2) | ||
Cure | 13 (72.2) | 26 (76.5) | 49 (77.8) | ||
Polyuria | 136/136 | 9 (47.4) | 16 (38.1) | 28 (37.3) | 0.493 |
Polydipsia | 136/136 | 9 (47.4) | 20 (47.6) | 36 (48.0) | 0.956 |