Table 1 Characteristics of the study population
From: Severe infection increases cardiovascular risk among HIV-infected individuals
| Â | No CVD | Had CVD | All patients | crude HR |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(N = 3200;16,029.2 PY) | (N = 184;554.4PY) | (N = 3384; 16,583.7PY) | (95% CI) | |
Median FU in years (IQR) | 4.5 (2,7.3) | 2 (0.6,4.3) | 4.4 (1.9,7.3) | Â |
Sex | ||||
 Male | 2180 (68.1) | 130 (70.7) | 2310 (68.3) | ref. |
 Female | 1018 (31.8) | 56 (29.9) | 1074 (31.7) | 0.80 (0.58, 1.10) |
Age in years at end of FU | ||||
 median (IQR) | 40.2 (32.9,48.1) | 46.6 (37.8,53.5) | 40.5 (33.1,48.4) |  |
 ≤ 30 (%) | 409 (12.8) | 16 (8.7) | 425 (12.6) | ref. |
 31–45 (%) | 1692 (52.9) | 64 (34.8) | 1756 (51.9) | 0.53 (0.31, 0.89) |
 46–59 (%) | 958 (29.9) | 88 (46.7) | 1044 (30.9) | 0.97 (0.58, 1.61) |
 ≥ 60 (%) | 141 (4.4) | 18 (9.8) | 159 (4.7) | 1.34 (0.69, 2.60) |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
 white (%) | 1585 (49.5) | 83 (45.1) | 1668 (49.3) | ref. |
 non-white (%) | 1615 (50.5) | 101 (54.9) | 1716 (50.7) | 1.56 (1.16, 2.09) |
Educational level | ||||
 up to 9 years (%) | 1518 (47.4) | 107 (58.2) | 1625 (48) | ref. |
 more than 9 years (%) | 1682 (52.6) | 77 (41.8) | 1759 (52) | 0.67 (0.50, 0.90) |
CD4 nadir (cells/mm3) | ||||
 median(IQR) | 204 (71.8326.2) | 140 (53,306) | 200 (71,325) | 1.03 (0.93, 1.13) |
 > 350 (%) | 677 (21.2) | 33 (17.9) | 710 (21) | – |
 201–350 (%) | 939 (29.3) | 40 (21.7) | 979 (28.9) | – |
 51–200 (%) | 960 (30) | 68 (37) | 1028 (30.4) | – |
 ≤ 50 (%) | 624 (19.5) | 43 (23.4) | 667 (19.7) | – |
Last HIV RNAª (copies/mL) | ||||
 < 400 (%) | 2116 (66.1) | 108 (58.7) | 2224 (65.7) | ref. |
 ≥ 400 (%) | 746 (23.3) | 62 (33.7) | 808 (23.9) | 2.40 (1.75, 3.31) |
 missing (%) | 338 (10.6) | 14 (7.6) | 352 (10.4) | – |
Last CD4ª (cells/mm3) | ||||
 median (IQR) | 544.5 (341,741.2) | 397 (222.5645.5) | 537 (330.5739) |  |
 < 350 (%) | 765 (23.9) | 80 (43.5) | 845 (25) | ref. |
 350–499 (%) | 540 (16.9) | 28 (15.2) | 568 (16.8) | 0.40 (0.26, 0.63) |
 ≥ 500 (%) | 1663 (52) | 71 (38.6) | 1734 (51.2) | 0.27 (0.19, 0.37) |
 missing (%) | 232 (7.2) | 5 (2.7) | 237 (7) | – |
Last CD4:CD8 ratioª | ||||
 < 0.40 (%) | 865 (27) | 79 (42.9) | 944 (27.9) | ref. |
 0.40–0.69 (%) | 894 (27.9) | 46 (25) | 940 (27.8) | 0.49 (0.34, 0.69) |
 ≥ 0.70 (%) | 1157 (36.2) | 44 (23.9) | 1201 (35.5) | 0.33 (0.23, 0.47) |
 missing (%) | 708 (22.1) | 21 (11.4) | 729 (21.5) | – |
ART useb | 2781 (86.9) | 144 (78.3) | 2925 (86.4) | 0.26 (0.18, 0.38) |
Hypertension | 626 (19.6) | 82 (44.6) | 708 (20.9) | 2.10 (1.56, 2.84) |
Diabetes | 311 (9.7) | 28 (15.2) | 339 (10) | 1.23 (0.81, 1.86) |
Dyslipidemia | 1466 (45.8) | 101 (54.9) | 1567 (46.3) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.26) |
Tobaccoc | 1802 (56.3) | 117 (63.6) | 1919 (56.7) | 1.20 (0.88, 1.63) |
Cocainec | 255 (8) | 13 (7.1) | 268 (7.9) | 0.69 (0.40, 1.23) |
Severe infections | ||||
 no severe infections | 2490 (77.8) | 138 (75) | 2628 (77.7) | ref. |
 < 3 months post severe infections | 45 (1.4) | 10 (5.4) | 55 (1.6) | 5.02 (2.64, 9.56) |
 3–12 months post severe infections | 80 (2.5) | 12 (6.5) | 92 (2.7) | 2.32 (1.28, 4.18) |
 12 + months post severe infections | 585 (18.3) | 24 (13) | 609 (18) | 0.99 (0.59, 1.59) |