Table 2 Serum cytokines levels between healthy control, mild HFMD, severe EV-A71, and CV-A16 HFMD before treatment

3.00(2.95,3.53)^a

3.30(3.00,3.50)^a

15.30(8.48,42.70)^b

16.00(8.65,67.00)^b

192.69

< 0.001

441.00(350.25,543.25)^a

460.00(356.75,574.00)^a

1017.00(725.00,1472.00)^b

1133.00(838.25,1500.75)^b

142.29

< 0.001

4.05(3.20,4.70)^a

4.20(3.60,5.10) ^a

16.00(6.21,84.90)^b

12.65(5.31,69.23)^b

143.68

< 0.001

46.00(36.75,52.75)^a

47.00(38.00,52.00)^a,b

221.50(53.13,652.50)^c

63.45(21.43,478.75)^a,d

85.25

< 0.001

5.10(3.68,6.25)^a

5.50(3.90,6.48)^a

8.01(6.30,12.10)^b

8.31(5.92,14.70)^b

49.38

< 0.001

4.00(1.60,6.50)^a

5.70(2.50,10.10) ^a

44.50(37.75,52.00)^b

58.40 (35.90,69.85)^b

28.95

< 0.001

4.65(3.75,5.40)^a

4.70(3.85,5.70)^a

25.40(16.20,40.85)^b

19.85 (13.93,50.88)^b

146.90

< 0.001