Table 3 Stigma and Outness among MSM and Transgender Women Participants, Eswatini 2014 (N = 532)
Stigma | Total | Out to Family | Out to Healthcare provider | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
Personal-life stigma as a result of having sex with men | ||||||
Felt excluded at family gatherings | 130 | 24.5 | 2.01 | 1.35, 3.00 | 1.64 | 1.03, 2.60 |
Felt that family members made discriminatory remarks or gossiped | 173 | 32.6 | 4.07 | 2.77, 5.98 | 2.50 | 1.62, 3.87 |
Felt rejected by friends | 116 | 21.9 | 4.44 | 2.83, 6.97 | 3.91 | 2.47, 6.19 |
Social stigma/violence as a result of having sex with men | ||||||
Felt police refused to protect you | 77 | 14.6 | 1.78 | 1.09, 2.89 | 1.68 | 0.97, 2.91 |
Felt scared to walk around in public places | 200 | 37.7 | 1.61 | 1.13, 2.29 | 1.47 | 0.96, 2.26 |
Verbally harassed | 232 | 43.7 | 4.21 | 2.92, 6.06 | 3.63 | 2.31, 5.71 |
Blackmailed | 117 | 22.0 | 2.51 | 1.65, 3.83 | 2.66 | 1.67, 4.22 |
Physically hurt | 104 | 19.6 | 2.51 | 0.81, 1.91 | 1.49 | 0.90, 2.45 |
Tortured | 95 | 18.0 | 0.93 | 0.59, 1.45 | 1.30 | 0.77, 2.19 |
Healthcare stigma as a result of having sex with men | ||||||
Felt not treated well in a health center | 58 | 10.9 | 0.71 | 0.40, 1.25 | 2.49 | 1.39, 4.46 |
Heard healthcare providers gossiping | 73 | 13.8 | 1.22 | 0.74, 2.00 | 2.16 | 1.25, 3.71 |
Felt afraid to go to healthcare services | 193 | 36.4 | 0.87 | 0.61, 1.24 | 1.37 | 0.89, 2.11 |
Avoided going to healthcare services | 185 | 34.8 | 0.97 | 0.68, 1.39 | 1.81 | 1.18, 2.79 |