Table 1 Characteristics of study population at baseline (N = 484)
Variables | Darunavir/r N = 170 | Atazanavir/r N = 141 | Dolutegravir N = 183 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age* | 48 (40–54) | 48 (43–53) | 51 (43–57) | 0.008 |
Male sex | 126 (74.1) | 95 (67.4) | 127 (69.4) | 0.399 |
Caucasians | 157 (92.4) | 136 (96.5) | 164 (89.6) | 0.165 |
HIV risk factor | 0.043 | |||
Heterosexual | 74 (43.5) | 68 (48.2) | 83 (45.4) | |
MSM | 84 (49.4) | 49 (34.8) | 80 (43.7) | |
IDUs | 11 (6.5) | 24 (17.0) | 19 (10.4) | |
Other | 1 (0.6) | 0 | 1 (0.5) | |
CDC stage C | 48 (28.2) | 34 (24.1) | 53 (29.0) | 0.592 |
HCV positive serostatus | 18 (10.6) | 25 (17.7) | 26 (14.2) | 0.193 |
Nadir CD4 count (cells/μL)* | 219 (64–311) | 194 (62–293) | 194 (64–284) | 0.741 |
Zenith HIV-RNA (log10 copies/mL)* | 4.90 (4.36–5.40) | 5.02 (4.48–5.39) | 4.93 (4.34–5.40) | 0.687 |
CD4 count at baseline (cells/μL)* | 617 (484–793) | 616 (509–786) | 630 (500–800) | 0.671 |
Years since HIV diagnosis* | 9 (5–17) | 11 (4–18) | 14 (8–20) | < 0.001 |
Years on antiretroviral therapy* | 8 (3–14) | 7 (3–13) | 12 (5–18) | < 0.001 |
Previous virological failure | 91 (53.5) | 78 (55.3) | 94 (51.4) | 0.775 |
Previous M184 V resistance mutation | 22 (12.9) | 17 (12.1) | 16 (8.7) | 0.419 |
Years of viral suppression at baseline* | 5 (2–8) | 4 (2–7) | 8 (4–11) | < 0.001 |
Previous regimen: | < 0.001 | |||
2NRTI + bPI | 80 (47.1) | 125 (88.7) | 14 (7.7) | |
2NRTI + NNRTI | 20 (11.8) | 4 (2.8) | 34 (18.6) | |
2NRTI + INI | 24 (14.1) | 1 (0.7) | 32 (17.5) | |
Two-drug regimen | 34 (20.0) | 8 (5.7) | 99 (54.1) | |
- Lamivudine plus bPI | 32 (18.8) | 8 (5.7) | 89 (48.6) | |
- bPI plus NNRTI, InSTI or MVC | 2 (1.2) | 0 (0) | 6 (3.3) | |
- Other regimen | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (2.2) | |
Other | 12 (7.1) | 3 (2.1) | 4 (2.2) | |
TDF in previous regimen | 97 (57.1) | 119 (84.4) | 65 (35.5) | < 0.001 |
Reasons for switch to dual regimen: | < 0.001 | |||
Simplification | 86 (50.6) | 100 (70.9) | 57 (31.1) | |
Dyslipidemia | 8 (4.7) | 7 (5.0) | 60 (32.8) | |
GI toxicity | 4 (2.4) | 2 (1.4) | 13 (7.1) | |
Liver toxicity | 11 (6.5) | 0 | 4 (2.2) | |
Renal toxicity | 28 (16.5) | 12 (8.5) | 15 (8.2) | |
Bone toxicity | 3 (1.8) | 3 (2.1) | 12 (6.6) | |
CNS toxicity | 1 (0.6) | 0 | 3 (1.6) | |
Other toxicity | 14 (8.2) | 4 (2.8) | 7 (3.8) | |
DDI | 2 (1.2) | 0 | 6 (3.3) | |
Other | 13 (7.6) | 13 (9.2) | 6 (3.3) | |
Years on previous regimen* | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–3) | 0.530 |
Study period: | < 0.001 | |||
2008–2013 | 37 (21.8) | 88 (62.4) | 0 | |
2013–2014 | 91 (53.5) | 33 (23.4) | 0 | |
2014–2015 | 34 (20.0) | 12 (8.5) | 77 (42.1) | |
2015–2017 | 8 (4.7) | 8 (5.7) | 106 (57.9) | |